id,name,description,outcome,reference,created_at,updated_at,region_list,country_list,sector_list,category_list,policy_type_list
80,2004 Chesapeake Bay Oyster Management Plan,"In 2005, the Chesapeake Bay Program adopted the 2004 Chesapeake Bay Oyster Management Plan. One of the major components of this plan is managing oyster harvest. The plan requires estimating the amount of oysters that can be taken from the Bay without compromising restoration efforts or population size. In response to 2004 Chesapeake Bay Oyster Management plan, the Virginia,Marine Resources Commission established restrictions on the oyster harvest to conserve Virginia's oyster resources. This regulations specify times of closure and other restrictions on the harvest of oysters from all oyster grounds in the tidal waters in Virginia. In Maryland, Oyster Advisory Commission is responsible for providing advices on matters related to oysters in the Maryland's portion of the Chesapeake and Coastal Bays, and strategies for rebuilding and managing the oyster population in these areas.","Oysters provide a valuable ecosystem service by consuming algae and other waterborne nutrients. The harvest limits on oysters in the Chesapeake Bay could lessen pressures on the oyster population in the Bay, thus improving nutrient cycling in the Bay.","2004 Chesapeake Bay Oyster Management Plan",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Fisheries,Institutions & Capacity; Regulatory Approaches,Frameworks & Guidance; Environmental Caps & Limits
120,Act on the Appropriate Treatment and Promotion of Utilization of Livestock Manure (Act NO.112 of 1999),"The Japan's Act on the Appropriate Treatment and Promotion of Utilization of Livestock Manure was enacted in July 1999. National and local governments finance facilities that recycle farm waste, such as manure, and specify a mandatory standard for livestock manure management that applies to livestock farms operating more than a certain number of animals (10 for cattle or horses, 100 for pigs and 2000 for poultry). ","This law promotes the use of livestock manure as soil fertilizers to achieve the natural return of nutrients back to the soil from which they came. About 90% of manure (80 million tonnes) is now processed into fertilizer and 8% is purified, carbonated or burned to prevent environmental damage.","Act on the Appropriate Treatment and Promotion of Utilization of Livestock Manure",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards; Environmental Bans & Restrictions
81,Advisory Committee on Water Information (ACWI),"The Advisory Committee on Water Information (ACWI) in the United States was established under the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) with the purpose of improving water information for decision making about natural resources management and environmental protection. The Department of the Interior, through the United States Geological Survey (USGS), is designated as the lead agency. Other Federal organizations that fund, collect, or use water resources information work together with the USGS to implement ACWI recommendations.","The Advisory Committee on Water Information (ACWI) provides a forum where water-related Federal agencies can work together to coordinate activities, share resources, and collaborate on the collection, storage, management, analysis and dissemination of water information.","Advisory Committee on Water Information (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,"Institutions & Capacity; Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Partnerships; Monitoring
127,Agri-Environment Measures,"Agri-environment measures are a key element for the integration of environmental concerns into the EU Common Agricultural Policy. Agri-environment measures provide payments to farmers who voluntarily subscribe to environmental commitments related to the preservation of the environment and maintaining the countryside. Farmers commit themselves, for a minimum period of at least five years, to adopt environmentally friendly farming techniques that go beyond legal obligations. In return, farmers receive payments that provide compensation for additional costs and income foregone resulting from applying those environmentally friendly farming practices in line with the stipulations of agri-environment contracts. Agri-environment measures are co-financed by EU Member States.",Agri-environment measures encourage farmers to protect and enhance the environment on their farmland.,"Agri-environment measures",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,EU member countries,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
89,American Farmland Trust's BMP Challenge for Nutrient Management,"The American Farmland Trust's BMP Challenge for Nutrient Management encourages risk-free adoption of conservation practices by paying farmers cash if their yield and income are reduced while participating in the BMP Challenge. Unique performance guarantees allow farmers to try conservation practices on their own land, observe performance over time in side-by-side comparisons, and evaluate economic impact, without risk to income due to yield loss.",Farmers have reduced fertilizer use by 24 percent through the Nutrient BMP Challenge.,"BMP challenge for Nutrient Management ",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
70,Anatolia Watershed Rehabilitation Project,"The Anatolia Watershed Rehabilitation Project for Turkey aims to support sustainable natural resource management practices in 28 micro-catchments in Anatolia and Turkey's Black Sea Region. It finances the adoption of environmentally friendly agricultural practices, develops packages of investments and practices for nutrient reduction, and promotes a legal framework consistent with the EU Nitrates Directive for good agricultural practices based on on-farm trials, demonstrations, and trainings. It is a World Bank sponsored project.","By the end of this project, 90% of farmers have adopted nutrient management practices. Turkish legislation with respect to nitrates pollution has been harmonized with EU Nitrates directive.","Anatolia Watershed Rehabilitation Project (Turkey)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Middle East,Turkey,Mixed ,Price-Based Instruments; Institutions & Capacity,Low-Interest Loans; Frameworks & Guidance
76,Animal Waste Management Software,"Animal Waste Management Software is a planning/design tool developed by the United States Department of Agriculture to help users identify appropriate design specifications for for waste storage structures for animal feeding operations. It estimates the amount of manure, bedding, and process water based upon the type and number of animals and management followed. This information along with the local climatic factors and other characteristics feed into the design of these facilities.","The Animal Waste Management helps to control runoff from roofs, feedlots and loafing areas. It reduces storage and handling loss conserved in the manure and available for land application.","Animal Waste Management Software (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Environmental Outreach & Education,Technical Assistance
14,BSR InnoShip,"BSR InnoShip supports the Baltic Sea countries and the key maritime stakeholders to jointly decrease and prevent adverse atmospheric emissions of shipping and port operations in the form of promising emission reduction equipment as well as best practices in major new infrastructure. The cooperation aims at encouraging voluntary measures and economic incentives for low-emission solutions at the local, national, and Baltic Sea catchment level.","Through the BSR InnoShip, Baltic ships, ports and cities will be offered concrete tools for developing feasibility, investment, and competitiveness planning for adopting innovative technology and low-emission solutions. About 5-12.5 percent of deposited nitrogen comes from Baltic ship emissions, and depositions of nitrogen are associated with eutrophication, so these efforts will help to address this nitrogen deposition.","BSR InnoShip",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Denmark; Estonia; Finland; Germany; Latvia; Lithuania; Poland; Russia; Sweden,Transport,Institutions & Capacity,Frameworks & Guidance
13,Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission - Helsinki Commission (HELCOM),"HELCOM was established to protect the marine environment of the Baltic Sea from all sources of pollution through intergovernmental cooperation. It develops policy, provides data, and coordinates multilateral environmental actions. Under the HELCOM Nutrient Reduction Scheme, contracting states that are also member States of the European Union agree to share the burden of nutrient reduction to achieve the goal of the Baltic Sea unaffected by eutrophication.","HELCOM is in charge of setting, monitoring, and implementing nutrient reduction targets for the Baltic Sea. The contracting parties have agreed to review the set of HELCOM eutrophication indicators and status targets at regular intervals.","Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission - Helsinki Commission (HELCOM)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Denmark; Estonia; Finland; Germany; Latvia; Lithuania; Poland; Russia; Sweden,Mixed,Institutions & Capacity,Bridging Institutions
115,"Basic Plan for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas","The Basic Plan for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas (Basic Plan) was created under the Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas. The key points of the recent 2005 Basic Plan include introduction of environmental measures for agricultural production, and applying emphasis on environmental protection to all agriculture in Japan. Specifically, the plan calls for the formulation of good agricultural practices and implementation of measures to support farmers who are subjected to the plan (cross-compliance). Moreover, support will be given to pioneering initiatives that aim for substantial reductions in environmental burdens.",The Basic Plan helps to develop agriculture policy measures for environmental conservation.,"Basic Plan for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas ",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches,Regulatory Framework
103,California Irrigated Lands Regulatory Program (ILRP),The California State Water Resources Control Board introduced the Irrigated Lands Regulatory Program (ILRP) to prevent agricultural discharges from reducing the ecological health of watersheds. This program regulates discharges from irrigated agricultural lands by issuing waste discharge requirements (WDRs) or conditional waivers of WDRs (Orders) to growers. These Orders contain conditions requiring water quality monitoring of receiving waters and corrective actions when impairments are found. ,"The California ILRP helps to mitigate the nutrient pollution resulting from agricultural discharges. The number of acres of agricultural land enrolled in the ILRP is about six million acres. The number of growers enrolled is approximately 40,000.","California State Water Resources Control Board: Irrigated Land Regulatory Program",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Caps & Limits
98,Chesapeake Bay Watershed Initiative (CBWI),"The Chesapeake Bay Watershed Initiative (CBWI) is a targeted effort to reduce nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment loads coming from private lands. Through CBWI and other Farm Bill programs, the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) and its partners help private landowners and managers implement conservation practices that protect the watershed's soil and water resources while maintaining productive working lands. Under CBWI, eligible landowners receive technical and financial assistance to address soil erosion, sedimentation and excess nutrients in streams and waterways. Farmers and forest landowners plant stream buffers, restore wetlands, properly manage manure, and implement other conservation practices as part of CBWI.",Investments in private lands conservation in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed benefit farmers and ranchers by supporting conservation activities that improve soil and water quality. These improvements support long-term productivity and reduce the need for additional regulation. ,"USDA: Chesapeake Bay Watershed Initiative",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance"
87,Chesapeake Clean Water Fund,"The Chesapeake Clean Water Fund established a voluntary water quality market in the Chesapeake Bay watershed with a goal reducing excess nitrogen. As a parnership of Forest Trends, the Chesapeake Bay Foundation, and the World Resources Institute, the Chesapeake Clean Water Fund hoped to increase the awareness of the contribution that businesses, institutions and citizens make to the pollution flowing into local rivers and streams; provide the opportunity to purchase ""offsets"" for those impacts that cannot be reduced; invest these funds in on-the-ground projects that reduce pollution thus catalyzing the water quality restoration efforts; and link this approach to other market-like ecosystem service financing schemes such as for carbon and biodiversity.",The Chesapeake Clean Water Fund generated nutrient offsets by implementing agricultural nutrient reduction projects. The offsets were then sold to businesses who wished to voluntarily offset their impact on the Chesapeake Bay.,"Chesapeake Clean Water Fund (U.S.)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Market-Based Instruments; Institution & Capacity; Environmental Outreach & Education,Voluntary Environmental Markets; Partnerships; Public Awareness
25,China Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water,"China's Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water provide different parameters and limits for surface water quality. The parameters include total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD).",The Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water serve as the guidlines to protect the quality of surface water.,"China Environmental quality standards for surface water (GB3838-2002)--In Chinese",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,China,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
22,China Pollutant Discharge Fees,"Under the provisions of 2008 Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law (P.R.C), enterprises, public institutions, and individually-owned business that directly discharge pollutants to waters are required to pay a pollutant discharge fee according to the category and quantity of the discharged water pollutants as well as the charging rates of such a fee. All revenues from collected fees go towards pollution prevention projects. The pollutant discharge fees may be exempted for those that discharge sewage to the centralized urban sewage disposition facilities and pay the sewage disposition fees. ""Measures for the Administration of the Charging Rates for Pollutant Discharge Fees"" has been implemented in 2003 to regulate the administration of charging rates for pollutant discharge fees.","The pollutant discharge fees are based on category and quantity of discharge. The fees provide economic incentives for polluters to reduce wastewater discharges; however, no fees are required for the discharges of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus at the present time.","Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China (2008 Revision)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,China,Mixed,Price-Based Instruments,"Taxes, Fees, Levies"
26,China's Water Pollution Prevention Plan for Key Watersheds (2011-2015),"China's Water Pollution Prevention Plan for Key Watersheds (2011-2015) covers 10 key watersheds, which then have been divided into 37 control zones and 315 control units to implement the pollution prevention plan. It sets objectives for water quality improvement, control targets of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia emissions. Moreover, for the Chao Lake Basin, Dianchi Lake Basin, the plan lists control target of the emissions of total nitrogen and total phosphorus.","By 2015, emissions of total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) in Chao Lake Basin will be controlled at 29,000 tons, 2265 tons respectively, which would be reduced by 10.4% and 18%, comparing to the levels in 2010. In Dianchi Lack Basin, the emissions of TN and TP will be controlled at 5200 tons and 346 tons respectively, which would be reduced by 10% and 9.9%, comparing to the levels in 2010.","China's Water Pollution Prevention Plan for Key Watersheds (2011-2015)--In Chinese",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,China,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
64,Clean Water Act of 2004,"The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 aims to protect the country's water bodies from pollution from land-based sources (industries and commercial establishments, agriculture and community/household activities). It provides a comprehensive and integrated strategy to prevent and minimize pollution through a multi-sectoral and participatory approach involving all the stakeholders.","The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 helps to regulate water pollutions from domestic, industrial and agricultural sources.","Clean Water Act of 2004 (Philippine)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Philippines,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Regulatory Framework
88,Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF),"The Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF) program in the United States has served as the nation's largest water quality financing source to help communities improve water quality and protect and restore drinking water sources. It offers more than $5 billion annually in low-interest loans to fund water quality protection projects for wastewater treatment, nonpoint source pollution control, and watershed and estuary management.","The CWSRF program in the United States provides low-interest loans; hence, a CWSRF-funded project would cost 17% less than projects funded at the market rate. Since inception, the CWSRF program has spent more than $2.9 billion to control pollution from nonpoint sources and for estuary protection","U.S. Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Price-Based Instruments,Low-Interest Loans
62,Code of Practice for Aquaculture,"The Philippine Code of Practice for Aquaculture provides guidelines for environmentally sound design and operation for the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. In section 5, it requires effluents, sediments and other wastes to be properly disposed of through the use of wastewater treatment and settling ponds. Discharged water shall meet water quality standards (e.g., maximum levels of nitrogeous compounds, phosporus). In section 9, it provides guidelines for feed use and management, which requires that feeds shall be selected as to their high utilization rates to reduce nutrient pollution from uneaten feeds and excretory products.","The Philippine Code of Practice for Aquaculture could help to reduce nutrient pollution caused by uneaten feed and fish wastes, but it is not fully enforced.","Code of Practice for Aquaculture (Philippines)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Philippines,Aquaculture,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
90,Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)/Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program ,The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) in the United States is a land conservation program administered by the Farm Service Agency (FSA). The CRP offers a yearly rental payment for enrolled farmers who agree to remove environmentally sensitive land from agricultural production and plant species that will improve environmental health and quality. Contracts for land enrolled in CRP are 10-15 years in length. The Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (CREP) is an offshoot of the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). The CREP program leverages both state and federal funding for critical environmental priority areas.," The CRP and CREP programs incentivize the reestablishment of valuable land cover to help improve water quality, prevent soil erosion, and reduce loss of wildlife habitat.","Conservation Reserve Program (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
77,Conservation Technical Assistance Program (CTA),"The Conservation Technical Assistance Program (CTA) provides landowners with proven conservation technology and the delivery systems needed to achieve the benefits of a healthy and productive landscape. Technical assistance is provided by the United States Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) or other entities under the technical supervision of NRCS, to clients to address opportunities, concerns, and problems related to the use of natural resources.",The Conservation Technical Assistance Program provices technical assistance to help reduce soil loss from erosion and solve water quality and agricultural waste management problems.,"Conservation Technical Assistance Program (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Environmental Outreach & Education,Technical Assistance
78,Cooperative Extension System,"The Cooperative Extension System is a nationwide network operated by the United States Department of Agriculture that provides useful, practical, and research-based information to agricultural producers, small business owners, youth, consumers, and others in rural areas and communities of all sizes.",The Cooperative Extension System provides technical assistance to implement nutrient reduction practices.,"Cooperative Extension Services (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Environmental Outreach & Education,Technical Assistance
113,Danube River Enterprise Pollution Reduction GEF Project,The Danube River Enterprise Pollution Reduction Project for Serbia aims to reduce nutrient flows into water bodies connected to the Danube River from selected Republic of Serbia (ROS) enterprises. Financing is provided for livestock and nutrient management efforts. It is a Global Environmental Facility (GEF) sponsored project.,The project has financed manure management investments on 105 livestock farms compared with 60 planned farms. It is estimated that the annual discharges of nutrients from project beneficiary farms is reduced by 44 percent for nitrogen and 100 percent for phosphorus compared to the baseline levels.,"Danube River Enterprise Pollution Reduction GEF Project (Serbia)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Serbia,Agriculture,Price-based instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
30,Danube River Protection Convention (DRPC),"The Danube River Protection Convention (DRPC) forms the overall legal instrument for cooperation on transboundary water management in the Danube River Basin. This involves measures to reduce the pollution loads entering the Black Sea from sources in the Danube River Basin, which are based on the polluter pays principle and the precautionary principle.",The Danube River Protection Convention (DRPC) aims to ensure that surface waters and groundwater within the Danube River Basin are managed and used sustainably and equitably.,"Danube River Protection Convention (DRPC)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Austria; Bulgaria; Croatia; Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Moldova; Romania; Slovakia; Slovenia; Ukraine,Mixed ,Institutions & Capacity; Regulatory Approaches,Bridging Institutions; Environmental Caps & Limits
129,Demonstration Test Catchments (DTC),"Demonstration Test Catchments (DTC) is funded by UK government with the purpose of providing robust evidence regarding how diffuse pollution from agriculture can be cost-effectively controlled to improve and maintain water quality in rural river catchment areas. By setting up a platform with a community of researchers working closely with local stakeholders (practitioners and policy-delivery agents) and policymakers, the DTC addresses the gap in empirical evidence on the cost effectiveness of combinations of diffuse pollution mitigation measures at catchment scales.","By adopting an open and transparent approach to catchment research, the DTC aims to accelerate collective understanding of diffuse pollution and its transfer to policy development to aid better practical and cost-effective approaches.","Demonstration Test Catchments Project",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,United Kingdom,Agriculture,"Institutions & Capacity; Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Partnerships; Research
33,Detergent Phosphate Bans,"In China, under the provisions on protecting drinking water sources of Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law (2008), the State Council and local governments can prohibit or restrict the use of phosphates in detergent in drinking water source protection areas. Major coastal provinces, including Guangdong, Liaoning, Shandong, have banned the sales and use of laundry and dishwashing detergent containing more than 1.1% phosphate. In the United States, phosphates have been banned in laundry detergent nationally since 1993. By 2012, 18 states have enacted phosphate restrictions to dishwashing detergent which do not allow stores to sell household use dishwashing detergent with more than 0.5% phosphorous. Since July 2013, 3 U.S. states - New York, Maryland, South Carolina - have expanded the prohibits to commercial dishwashing detergent. The European Union has banned the use of phosphates and limited the content of other phosphorous containing compounds in consumer laundry detergents since June 30, 2013. It requires that a standard dose of washing powder must not contain more than 0.5 grams of phosphorus. Similar restrictions will apply to consumer automatic dishwasher detergents as of January 1, 2017, which require that the total content of phosphorus is less than 0.3 grams of phosphorus per standard dosage. Japan and South Korean have banned the use of phosphate in Laundry detergents since 1980s. In Paraguay, the Government banned domestic production and imports of phosphate detergents. In Brazil, the government imposed a gradual reduction of cleaning ingredients in detergent formulations, from max levels of 15.5% of phosphate in year 2005 to 12.5% in year 2008.",The detergent phosphaste bans could reduce the level of phosphorus in wastewater and prevent eutrophication.,"China Detergent Phosphate Bans
US Detergent Phosphate Bans
EU Detergent Phosphate Bans
Detergent Phosphate Bans in Japan, South Korea, Paraguay, Brazil",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe; North America; South America; Asia,EU member countries; United States; Paraguay; Brazil; China; Japan; South Korea,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Bans & Restrictions
125,Direct Payments for Environmentally Friendly Farming,"Korea's direct payments for environmentally friendly farming were introduced in 1999 to compensate for the reduction of yields brought by the adoption of environmentally friendly farming practices. State government provides supports to local governments to finance facilities and equipment in designated environmentally friendly farming areas. In addition, a pilot program providing direct payments for environmentally friendly livestock practices was introduced in 2004. It was continued for nine hundred livestock-producing farm households with a budget of KRW 5.8 billion (USD 6 million) in 2006.","During the period 2001-2005, 191 environmentally friendly areas were built up. In 2006, the payment per hectare for environmentally friendly farming was increased to between KRW 524 and 794,000 (USD 548 to 831) for dry fields and between KRW 217 and 392,000 (USD 227 to 410) for paddy fields. About 27,000 farm households who produced low-chemical, chemical-free and organic products received total payments of KRW 11.4 billion (USD 11.9 million) in 2006.","Direct Payments for Environmentally Friendly Farming",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,South Korea,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
23,Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Livestock and Poultry Breeding,"Discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding (China) specifies the total maximum daily discharge standards of water pollutant for concentrated livestock and poultry breeding industry, including 150mg/L of BOD, 400mg/L of chemical oxygen demand (COD), and 8 mg/L of total phosphorus 8 mg/L.",The discharge standard helps to reduce nutrient lost and prevent the waste from livestock and poultry breeding entering water bodies.,"Discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding (China) --In Chinese",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,China,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Caps & Limits
116,Eco-Farmer Certification,"Based on Article 4-1 of the Law for Promoting the Introduction of Sustainable Agricultural Production Practices, prefectural governors certify eligible farmers as ""Eco-Farmers"" for promoting environmentally friendly agriculture. It benefits farmers by giving them access to a special allocation within the budget (preferential loans and tax breaks) for the implementation of sustainable agriculture practices, such as using composting systems and reducing the use of chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers on their farms.","As of the end of March 2010, the number of certified eco-farmers in Japan stands at 196,692, an increase of 10,717 over one year. With the incentives, eco-farmers would improve soil, reduce chemical fertilizer and agrichemical consumption.","Eco-farmer Certification",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,Low-Interest Loans; Tax Credits & Rebates
5,EcoTender Program,"EcoTender Program in Australia uses an auction-based mechanism allocate funding to private landholders that agree to manage their land and water resources to provide catchment wide salinity, water quality, water quantity and biodiversity benefits. The Victorian Government acts as the sole buyer and multiple landholders located within North Central Victoria are the potential sellers. Landowners submit bids that represented the price they required to undertake management actions. Monies are allocated to landowners that demonstrate the most cost-effective environmental benefits.",The EcoTender Program provides landholders with the incentive to truthfully reveal their cost of undertaking specified actions that produce environmental outcomes.,"EcoTender Program (Victoria, Australia)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,Oceania,Australia,Agriculture,Market-Based Instruments,Auctions & Tenders
130,Ecological Direct Payments,"Ecological Direct Payments are granted by the Swiss government to farmers who voluntarily apply stricter farming practices than those required by regulations. They compensate for special performance with regard to the environment and livestock. The types of ecological direct payments include payments for organic farming, payments for protecting water, and payments for ecological set-aside areas.","The water protection payments help to reduce the level of nitrates and phosphates in rivers and lakes, while the payments for organic farming limit the use of mineral nitrogen fertilizers.","Ecological Direct Payments",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Switzerland,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
17,Environmental Farm Action Program (EFAP),Canada's Environmental Farm Action Program (EFAP) provides financial and technical assistance to producers in order to accelerate the adoption of Beneficial Management Practices in Manitoba.,The EFAP helps increase awareness of environmental assets and risks associated with the farming operations. It also helps identify options and actions to reduce the identified risks and improve farm production efficiencies.,"Environmental Farm Action Program ",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,Canada,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance"
99,Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP),"The Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) in the United States provides financial and technical assistance to agricultural producers through contracts up to a maximum term of ten years in length. The National Water Quality Initiative supported by EQIP helps farmers and ranchers implement conservation systems to reduce nitrogen, phosphorous, sediment and pathogen contributions from agricultural land in specific approved watershed. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has the authority to provide financial assistance payments to eligible producers through EQIP.","The EQIP helps agricultural producers to meet Federal, State, Tribal and local environmental regulations and deliver environmental benefits, including improved water quality, conserved ground and surface water, reduced soil erosion and etc.","Environmental Quality Incentives Program (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance"
42,Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) for Water Pollution,"Japan's basic Environment Law establishes Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) for water quality with the aim of protecting both human health and the living environment. Environmental quality standards for the living environment include standards for biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO). In addition, standards for nitrogen and phosphorus have been established for lakes/reservoirs and sea/coastal areas in order to prevent eutrophication. Waters that do not meet environmental quality standards are subject to area-wide total pollutant load control reduction targets.",The standards help to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus discharges.,"Environmental Quality Standards for Water Pollution",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Caps & Limits; Environmental Standards
122,Environmentally Friendly Agriculture Fosterage Act (2009),"Korea's Environmentally Friendly Agriculture Fosterage Act aims to increase the role of agriculture in environmental preservation, reduce environmental pollution caused by agriculture, and foster farmers who practice environmentally friendly agriculture, thereby pursuing sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. Under this Act, the State and local governments shall aggressively promote the implementation of policies in compliance with the standards for the safe and appropriate use of agricultural chemicals and maximum residue limits, the amount of fertilizers to be sprayed on crops, the limitations on the discharge of livestock excretions, and the ban on the dumping of agricultural wastes, in order to prevent environmental pollution for these agricultural activities. Moreover, the Minister for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries shall, in consultation with the heads of the relevant central administrative agencies, formulate a plan (fosterage plan) to foster the development of environmentally friendly agriculture every five years. This Act also states that the Minister for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries or the heads of local governments may subsidize necessary costs for persons who are in charge of the research and development, dissemination or direction of environmentally friendly agricultural technologies and materials. In addition, the Government shall promote the exchange and sharing of information and technology concerning environmentally friendly agriculture through international cooperation with international organizations related to the environment or the relevant nations.","This Act promotes sustainable farming practices, reduces chemical input use, encourages the adoption of soil conservation practices, and addresses biodiversity concerns.","Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture Fosterage Act (2009)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,South Korea,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches; Institutions & Capacity,Environmental Standards; Environmental Caps & Limits; Frameworks & Guidance; Partnerships
94,Everglades Agricultural Privilege Tax,"In Florida (United States), it has imposed an annual Everglades Agricultural Privilege Tax for every acre of productive land in the Everglades Agricultural Area to support Everglades restoration. Landowners who maintain a minimum concentration of phosphorus (50ppb) in water discharged from their land have a lower tax rate.",Florida's Everglades Agricultural Privilege Tax provides economic incentives for landowners to reduce their phosporus discharges.,"WRI: Eutrophication: Policies, Actions, And Strategies to Address Nutrient Pollution",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Taxes, Fees, Levies"
2,Farm Nutrient Loss Index (FNLI),"The Farm Nutrient Loss Index (FNLI) is a predictive software package for farm advisors working with dairy, sheep and beef farmers. It helps predict the relative risk of nitrogen or phosphorous loss to the environment from different paddocks.",The Farm Nutrient Loss Index helps identify where and how nutrients can be lost from the farm.,"Farm Nutrient Loss Index (Australia)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,Oceania,Australia,Agriculture,Environmental Outreach & Education,Technical Assistance
3,Feeding Pastures for Profit (FPFP) program,"The Feeding Pastures for Profit (FPFP) program in the dairying regions of Victoria, Australia provides valuable information on managing pasture and using supplements. The FPFP program includes two-day workshop and some field days afterwards where experts assist registered dairy farmers to manage their herd towards the goal of ""profitable feeding,"" maximizing resources and profits. It is co-managed by an industry-funded body, Dairy Australia, and the Victorian government.",The Feeding Pastures for Profit (FPFP) program helps farmers to gain the skills and confidence to make daily decisions about pasture allocation and supplement usage which help reduce runoff and erosion from pastures.,"Feeding Pastures for Profit (FPFP) program (Australia)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,Oceania,Australia,Agriculture,Institutions & Capacity; Environmental Outreach & Education,Partnerships; Technical Assistance
119,Fertilizer Control Law,"Japan's Fertilizer Control Law contributes to fair trade and safe soil application of fertilizers through the establishment of standards, registration, inspection, and other measures. Under this law, fertilizer is classified into two types: ""special fertilizers"" and ""ordinary fertilizers"". Special fertilizers include rice bran and compost designated by Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, for which notification must be made at the time of production or importation; while ordinary fertilizers are those that are not special fertilizers, for which registration or notification is required upon production or importation. Official standards have been prescribed for ordinary fertilizers, which define for each type of fertilizer the minimum or maximum amount of main components to be included, the maximum amount allowed for components harmful to plants to be contained, along with other restrictions (particle size and ingredients) as deemed necessary. In addition, guarantee labels must be attached to ordinary fertilizers to provide information on quality, etc. to consumers and to ensure fair trade. The guarantee labels must carry a guaranteed nutrient content, name of the producer and other relevant information.",The manufacture and labeling standards set by Japan's Fertilizer Control Law lead to more consistent and informed application of nutrients.,"Fertilizer Control Law",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
128,Flemish Manure Decree,"The Flemish Manure Decree is the implementation of the EU Nitrates Directive (1991) in Flanders (Belgium). It aims to protect the environment through reducing water pollution caused or induced by nitrates and phosphates from agricultural sources. According to the Manure Decree, farms in priority areas or farms that produce more manure than is available for land application are required to process up to 60% of manure surplus. Manure processing includes manure export, manure application on non-farm land, conversion to mineral fertilizer, or conversion to N2. The Manure Bank is the administration responsible for the implementation of the Manure Decree. It hands out manure processing certificates (MVC's) for the amount of N from animal manure processed. If the obligation is not met in time, the Manure Bank gives an administrative fine of 2€/kg N. If, after five years from the initial violation the target is still not met the fine increases to 4€/kg N.",The Flemish Manure Decree helps improve water quality through reduction in manure usage.,"Flemish Manure Decree",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Belgium,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
49,Fonterra partnership,New Zealand's Department of Conservation and Fonterra are working together to improve the natural habitats of five key waterways in significant dairying regions around New Zealand. The partnership was launched in 2013. Fonterra and DOC are sharing joint co-ordination of a $20 million community investment over 10 years.,"New Zealand's Department of Conservation works with Fonterra, local communities, and farmers to plant trees alongside streams and rivers which could reduce runoff and improve water quality.","Fonterra partnership (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Mixed,Institutions & Capacity,Partnerships
50,Hauraki Gulf Marine Park Act 2000 (HGMPA),"The Hauraki Gulf Marine Park Act 2000 (HGMPA) in New Zealand promotes integrated management efforts of different agencies for the protection and enhancement of the Hauraki Gulf. The Hauraki Gulf Forum has been established under the HGMPA to provide a mechanism through which the different parties can develop a common understanding of the key issues facing the Gulf and how these can best be addressed. The members of the Hauraki Gulf Forum include representatives of the Ministers of Conservation, Fisheries and Maori Affairs, Auckland Council and local authorities.","The Hauraki Gulf Forum urged agencies to collectively work toward active land management to minimize inputs of sediments, nutrients, and contaminants.","Hauraki Gulf Marine Park Act 2000 (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Mixed,Institutions & Capacity,Partnerships; Frameworks & Guidance
10,Hawkesbury-Nepean River Recovery Program,"The Hawkesbury-Nepean River Recovery Program was funded by the Australian Government under the Water for the Future initiative. It comprised seven projects and has improved river health in the Hawkesbury-Nepean River System by making more water available for the environment and reducing nutrient inputs. Specifically, The Smart Farms Projects allowed the New South Wales Department of Primary Industries work with landholders to improve nutrient management and reduce weed growth in ther river system. The Nutrient Export Monitoring Project was conducted by the New South Wales Office of Environment and Heritage to monitor nitrogen and phosphorus levels in runoff from a selection of farms, and also quantified nutrient exports for the various agricultural land uses in the subcatchments below the major water supply dams of the Hawkesbury-Nepean River.",The Hawkesbury-Nepean River Recovery Program reduced nutrient input into the river system by at least 84.1 tonnes per year (comprising 66.8 tonnes of nitrogen and 17.3 tonnes of phosphorus).,"Hawkesbury-Nepean River Recovery Program (Australia)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,Australia,Agriculture,"Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation; Price-Based Instruments","Monitoring; Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
48,Horizon Regional Council's Sustainable Land Use Initiative (SLUI),The Horizon Regional Council's Sustainable Land Use Initiative (SLUI) works with farmers to develop Whole Farm Plans for highly erodible lands. A Whole Farm Plan is a tool developed specifically for SLUI that identifies on-farm opportunities for sustainable resource management and sustained business growth.,"SLUI protects and conserves the valuable hill country soil resources, addresses water quality issues, and improves downstream flood protection.","Horizon Regional Council's Sustainable Land Use Initiative (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Agriculture,Environmental Outreach & Education,Technical Assistance
137,India's Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-2017),"India's Twelfth Five Year Plan, for 2012 through 2017, states that the best practices of soil fertility management need to be adopted, which include generation of biomass for bulk addition of organic matter in the soil to maintain proper soil health, degeneration of biomass through sole cropping/inter-cropping/bund cropping of green manure crops, recycling of farm and household waste through use of intensive nutrient recycling methods such as composting, production of bio-fertilizers at regional and local levels, and adoption of bio-dynamic farming methods and crop rotations to enrich the soil. In addition, the Plan promotes the collection and monitoring of basic data on coastal water quality, oxygen zone in the sea, and transport of nitrogen and phosphorous in the rivers from agriculture. ","India's Twelfth Five Year Plan provides guidance for nutrient management and fertilizer usages in agricultural sector, which helps reduce water pollution.","India's Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-2017)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,India,Mixed,"Institutions & Capacity; Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Frameworks & Guidance; Monitoring
100,Indiana Lake and River Enhancement Program (LARE),The Indiana Lake and River Enhancement (LARE) program in the United States provides technical and financial supports to qualifying projects that aim to reduce nonpoint sediment and nutrient pollution of surface waters to a level that meets or surpasses state water quality standards.,The LARE program offers incentives to install or apply sediment and nutrient reducing practices on the land.,"Indiana DNR: Lake & River Enhancement Program",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed ,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance"
40,Japan Sewage Works Agency's Joint Research for New Technology,"Japan's Sewage Works Agency started a new system in 2012 for prompt and smooth introduction of new technologies to sewage works. The new system helps accelerate practical application of new technologies, encourages adopting unique technology from private companies, and provides technical support after new technologies are introduced to local wastewater treatment plants.","The joint research with private companies, universities, and research institutes aims to promote improved sewage treatment technologies.","Japan Sewage Works Agency's Joint Research for New Technology ",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Wastewater,"Environmental Outreach & Education; Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Technical Assistance; Research
41,Johkasou Installation Promotion Program,"In Japan, the Ministry of the Environment (MOE) established the Johkasou Installation Promotion Program to provide subsidies for citizens that install Johkasou systems. Johkasou systems are household wastewater treatment technology that treats household sewage and wastewater onsite before discharging. The subsidy covers 40 percent of the total installation costs.","The promotion program encourages installation of Johkasou systems which treat household wastewater and sewage, reducing nutrient pollution from human waste, food, and certain soaps and detergents.","Johkasou Installation Promotion Program (Japan)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Urban,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
32,Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe Basin Management Program,"The Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe Basin Management Program addresses nutrient pollution by working to improve wastewater treatment facilities by the lake and create 'buffer' zones where industrial activities cannot be conducted by the shore. Under this program, Estonian and Russian national institutions and different organisations united their efforts for the better management of the jointly utilised Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe. The program received financial support from the Global Environment Facility (GEF).",The Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe Basin Management Program helps reduce nutrient load and eutrophication.,"Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe Basin Management Program (Estonia, Russia)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Estonia; Russia,Agriculture,Institutions & Capacity; Price-Based Instruments,"Partnerships; Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
52,Lake Taupo Nutrient Trading Program,"In New Zealand's Lake Taupo, a Nitrogen Discharge Allowance (NDA) is a fixed amount expressed as tonnes of nitrogen per year (tN/yr). Farmers are subjected to a NDA and can alter how they farm as long as their nitrogen export does not exceed their NDA. If a farmer wants to increase production, they must purchase NDAs from another farmer who wants to decrease production. Once a trade has been agreed to between two farmers, each of their consents is adjusted to increase or decrease their NDA.",The NDA and nutrient trading system are expected to reduce the nitrogen load into Lake Taupo by 20%.,"Nitrogen Discharge Allowances (NDA) and Nutrient Trading",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Agriculture,Market-Based Instruments,Regulatory Environmental Markets
47,Lake Taupo Protection Trust,"The Lake Taupo Protection Trust was set up in February 2007 to administer the $81.5 million fund to protect Lake Taupo's excellent water quality. It will use the funds to encourage and assist land use change, to purchase land/nitrogen in the Lake Taupo catchment and to fund any other initiatives that assist land owner to reduce the nitrogen impact of their activities on Lake Taupo. The Trust reports to the Government (Ministry for the Environment), Ngati Tuwharetoa, the Taupo District Council, and Waikato Regional Council.",The Lake Taupo Protection Trust is charged with developing a program of work that will reduce the amount of manageable nitrogen leaching into the lake by 20 per cent.,"Lake Taupo Protection Trust (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Mixed,Ecosystem Restoration & Protection; Price-Based Instruments,"Land Purchases; Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; "
53,Lake Taupo Regional Plan,"The Lake Taupo Regional Plan Variation 5 (RPV5) contains policies that reduce and require the formation of the Lake Taupo Protection Trust to assist in achieving the 20 per cent reduction in the amount of nitrogen entering Lake Taupo. Policies include limits on fertilizer application rates for forested, residential and agricultural land. In addition, for agricultural activities, the plan specifies allowable stocking rates and assigns a nitrogen discharge allowance (NDA). The NDA is the maximum allowable total annual nitrogen discharge rate allowed for a given property based on the estimated highest annual nitrogen leaching rate between 2001 and 2005. Property owners wishing to expand their operations beyond their current NDA must purchase NDAs from other property owners. (see entry for Lake Taupo Trading Program).",The Lake Taupo Regional Plan caps nitrogen discharges from all significant landuses with the aim of reducing total nitrogen use by 20% in the catchment.,"Lake Taupo Regional Plan (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Caps & Limits
126,Livestock Manure Management,Korea's Livestock Manure Management policy was adopted in 2004 and established a comprehensive plan for efficient management and utilization of livestock manure. The implementation of the plan concentrates on establishing a system of efficient utilization of livestock manure for crop production. Advice to farmers on the efficient management of livestock manure and the development of new technology are also the main objectives of the plan.,The improvement of livestock manure management in Korea helps prevent agricultural water pollution from livestock operations.,"Livestock Manure Management",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,South Korea,Agriculture,"Environmental Outreach & Education; Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Environmental Education; Technical Assistance; Research
101,Long-Term Watershed Protection,"The New York City Department for Environmental Protection (DEP) funds a comprehensive Long-Term Watershed Protection Program to provide high quality drinking water for nine million water consumers. Landowners in the Catskills supply catchment are paid to implement measures which reduce diffuse pollution. Two of DEP's primary partners include the Watershed Agricultural Council and the Catskill Watershed Corporation, which are locally-based not-for-profit corporations that were specifically created to assist DEP with the administration and implementation of watershed protection and economic development programs. Many other watershed partners serve in various capacities, such as oversight, advice, public education, and communication.",The Watershed Protection Program incentivizes adoption of best management practices that reduce nutrients. It also benefit farmers by securing long-term framing.,"Long-Term Watershed Protection
Program(U.S.)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Institutions & Capacity,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Partnerships"
18,Manitoba Sustainable Agriculture Practices Program (MSAPP),"Manitoba Sustainable Agriculture Practices Program (MSAPP) provides technical assistance and financial assistance for the adoption of best management practices (BMPs) on agricultural land. It also funds research and development to build capacity for enhanced mitigation, sequestration, and adaptation, before and beyond 2012 in the agricultural sector.","The MSAPP helps farmers adopt BMPs that improve water quality, reduce greenhouse gases, reduce production costs, and improve rural economic development. It also provides increased resiliency on farms.","Manitoba Sustainable Agriculture Practices Program",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,Canada,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance"
91,Maryland Agricultural Cost Share (MACS) Program,"The Agricultural Cost Share (MACS) Program in Maryland (United States) provides farmers with payments to cover up to 87.5% of the cost to install best management practices on their farms. Currently, there are 30 BMPs that are eligible for payments. Examples of eligible BMPs include grassed waterways constructed to prevent gully erosion in farm fields, streamside buffers of grasses and trees planted to filter sediment and farm runoff, and animal waste management systems constructed to help farmers safely handle and store manure resources.","The MACS program prevents soil erosion, manages nutrients and safeguards water quality in streams, rivers and the Chesapeake Bay.","Maryland Agricultural Water Quality Cost-Share Program ",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
95,Maryland Chesapeake Bay Restoration Fees,"Maryland (United States) charges a fee to homes and businesses in order to fund enhanced nutrient removal (ENR) technology upgrades for major publicly owned wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) discharging to the Chesapeake Bay. A $5 monthly fee is collected from each home and commercial/idustrial dwelling served by a WWTP. A $60 annual fee is collected from each user served by an onsite disposal system (OSDS). In addition, some funds collected under this program will be used to fund septic system upgrades (with priority given to failing septic systems in critical areas) and agricultural cover crops.",The ENR technologies are capable of reducing nitrogen concentrations in wastewater discharge to 3 mg/l and phosphorus concentrations to 0.3 mg/l. The OSDS upgrades and planting of cover crops could reduce nitrogen levels in the state's groundwater as well as nitrogen loading to the Chesapeake Bay.,"Maryland Chesapeake Bay Restoration Fee",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Wastewater,Price-Based Instruments,"Taxes, Fees, Levies"
92,Maryland Cover Crops Program,"The Maryland Cover Crops Program provides money for seed, equipment, and labor to farmers who want to plant cover crops to improve water quality in the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries and increase the productivity of their farmland. Applicants for Cover Crops Program must be in compliance with Maryland's nutrient management requirements which require farmers to plant cover crops when organic nutrient sources are applied to fields.",Maryland Cover Crops Program provides economic incentives for farms to plant a cover crop to reduce nutrient and soil loss from arable land.,"Maryland Cover Crops Program",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
109,Maryland Lawn Fertilizer Law,"Lawn Fertilizer Law in Maryland (United States) limits the amount of nutrients that can be applied to lawns or turf by ensuring 20% of the nitrogen is slow release to minimize losses to the environment, requring everyone to apply fertilizer based on recommendations, and restricting application rates, times of the year, and land cover types. It requires lawn care professionals to be licensed and certified by Maryland Department of Agriculture to apply turf fertilizer to properties that they manage or work under the direct supervision of someone who is certified.","Maryland's Lawn Fertilizer Law helps protect the Chesapeake Bay from excess nutrients entering its waters from a wide range of non-agricultural sources, including golf courses, parks, recreation areas, athletic fields, businesses and hundreds, of thousands of urban and suburban lawns.","Maryland's Lawn Fertilizer Law (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Urban,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards; Environmental Bans & Restrictions
82,Maryland Nutrient Trading Program,"The Maryland (United States) Nutrient Trading Program operates under a mandatory cap on the combined pollution loads from multiple sources. The cap does not allow for additional nutrient loads. Trading is conducted to offset new or expanding nutrient loads. To facilitate trading, a web-based calculation tool, marketplace, and trading registry have been established. The calculation tool assesses credit generating capacity while the marketplace and trading registry approves credits and transactions and provide a means for the public to track the progress of Maryland's trading program.","The Maryland Nutrient Trading Program is able to offset new or increased discharges, and achieve greater envrionmental benefits than existing regulatory programs through the use of a retirment ratio. It provides a mechanism for accomodating growth without compromosing water quality.","Maryland Nutrient Trading Program ",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,"Wastewater, Agriculture",Market-Based Instruments,Regulatory Environmental Markets
108,Maryland Revised Nutrient Management Regulations,"Revised Nutrient Management Regulations in Maryland (United States) modify how a farm's nutrient management plan is developed and implemented and change the way organic nutrient sources and other materials are managed. As required by the revised regulations, organic nutrient sources must be incorporated into the soil within 48 hours of application to achieve maximum water quality benefits, except for hay and pasture acres and highly erodible conditions. The regulations also limit fall nitrogen applications for small grains if soil nitrate levels test greater than 10 ppm for wheat or 15 ppm for barley and call for cover crops to be planted when organic nutrient sources are applied in the fall. Beginning January 1, 2014, farmers are required to establish a 35 ft. setback for fertilizer applications adjacent to surface waters and streams.",The requirements of Maryland's Revised Nutrient Management Regulations which will be phased in over the next several years will help Maryland meet nutrient reduction goals outlined in its Watershed Implementation Plan (WIP) for the Chesapeake Bay.,"Maryland's Revised Nutrient Management Regulations",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
107,Maryland Stormwater Management Act,"The Stormwater Management Act of 2007 in Maryland (United States) requires that developers implement environmental site design (ESD) to the maximum extent practicable through the use of nonstructural best management practices and other better site design techniques. ESD relies on integrating site design, natural hydrology, and smaller controls to capture and treat runoff.",The Maryland Stormwater Management Act of 2007 aims to mitigate stormwater runoff and maximize infiltration which helps prevent nutrient losses.,"Maryland's Stormwater Management Act ",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Urban,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
97,Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative (MRBI),"The purpose of the Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative (MRBI) is to improve the health of the Mississippi River basin which was identified as a national priority due to high levels of nutrient pollution. Through MRBI, the U.G99S. Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) offers farmers in priority watersheds financial and technical assistance to voluntarily implement conservation practices that improve water quality. The priority watersheds are identified by NRCS according to water quality data, nutrient reduction strategies, monitoring efforts, and other factors. Interested participants develop locally driven targeted sub-watershed projects within the priority areas. Preference for funding is given to projects that use a systems approach to implementing conservation practices which avoid, control, and trap nutrients and that plan to monitor results at the edge of field, in stream, and at the watershed outlet.","The MBRI helps to reduce the impact of nutrient loading on the health of local water bodies, and eventually, the Gulf of Mexico. The conservation practices contribute to optimizing nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency in agricultural fields, minimizing nutrient and water runoff and improving soil health.","Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance"
73,Montana Legacy Project,"In 2008, the Nature Conservancy in Montana (United States), along with its partner, The Trust for Public Land, has purchased more 310,000 acres of private forest land from the Plum Creek Timber Company (NYSE:PCL) for US$510 million. The purchase is part of an effort to keep these forests in productive timber management and protect the area's clean water and abundant fish and wildlife habitat.","The Montana Legacy Project recognizes the land's intrinsic, natural value and its role in the economic sustenance for rural communities.","Montana Legacy Project (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Ecosystem Restoration & Protection; Institutions and Capacity,Land Purchases; Partnerships
6,Moreton Bay Nutrient Trading Scheme,"The Moreton Bay Nutrient Trading Scheme in Queensland of Australia aims to dramatically reduce the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus being discharged into Moreton Bay. This nutrient trading scheme set effluent caps for nutrient emitters. The organizations with low treatment costs have the incentives to reduce their own effluent beyond legal requirements, generate a credit from the surplus reductions and sell these credits to dischargers with higher treatment costs.",Projections show the Moreton Bay cap and trade program will result in reductions of 19% for nitrogen and 50% for phosphorus entering Moreton Bay by 2026.,"Moreton Bay Nutrient Trading Scheme (Australia)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,Oceania,Australia,Mixed,Market-Based Instruments,Regulatory Environmental Markets
105,NOx Reasonably Available Control Technology,"The US Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 required major stationary sources of NOx in nonattainment areas to install and operate Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) by May 31, 1995. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines RACT as the lowest emission limitation that a particular source is capable of meeting by the application of control technology that is reasonably available considering technological and economic feasibility. At the state level, the NOx RACT has been defined as category-wide emission rate limitations or control technology requirements, i.e. installing air pollution control equipment (such as selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) or selective catalytic reduction (SCR)). Once the state has defined and adopted the NOx RACT rules, EPA approves the rules into the state's State Implementation Plan (SIP). The state's NOx rule then becomes federally enforceable.",NOx RACT helps to regulate the emission of NOx which would otherwise contributes to eutrophication in coastal waters.,"NOx Reasonably Available Control Technology (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Urban,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Caps & Limits
136,National Agricultural Policy (NAP),"India’s National Agricultural Policy (NAP) promotes technically sound, economically viable, environmentally non-degrading, and socially acceptable use of the country’s natural resources - land, water and genetic endowment to promote sustainable development of agriculture.","India's National Agricultural Policy aims to achieve a growth rate in excess of 4 percent per annum, and the agriculture sector growth is based on efficient use of resources and conservation of soil, water and biodiversity. ","National Agricultural Policy (NAP)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,India,Agriculture,Institutions & Capacity,Frameworks & Guidance
54,National Environmental Standard (NES) for Sources of Human Drinking Water,"The New Zealand's National Environmental Standard (NES) for Sources of Human Drinking Water requires regional councils to ensure that effects on drinking water sources are considered in decisions on resource consents and regional plans. Specifically, under the Compliance Requirements for Cyanotoxins of the NES, it states that the NES could help ensure that activities in the catchment do not introduce large quantities of nutrients into waters that are susceptible to algal blooms.",The New Zealand's National Environmental Standard (NES) for Sources of Human Drinking Water helps reduce the risk of contaminating drinking water sources such as rivers and groundwater.,"National Environmental Standard for Sources of Human Drinking Water (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
104,National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES),"As authorized by the Clean Water Act, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program controls water pollution by regulating point sources that discharge pollutants into waters of the United States. The primary focus of the NPDES permitting program is municipal and non-municipal direct dischargers. Municipal sources are publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) that receive primarily domestic sewage from residential and commercial customers. Specific NPDES program areas applicable to municipal sources include the National Pretreatment Program, the Municipal Sewage Sludge Program, Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs), and the Municipal Storm Water Program. Non-municipal sources are industrial and commercial facilities. Specific NPDES program areas applicable to industrial sources include Process Wastewater Discharges, Non-process Wastewater Discharges, and the Industrial Storm Water Program. The two basic types of NPDES permits issued are individual and general permits. An individual permit is a permit specifically tailored to an individual facility, while a general permit covers multiple facilities within a specific category. The NPDES permits may contain limits for nutrient concentrations or requirements for certain treatment technologies. The NPDES permit program is administered by authorized states.",The NPDES program in the United States contribute to reducing pollutant discharges as well as improving the quality of water resources.,"National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (U.S.)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Caps & Limits
56,National River Water Quality Network (NRWQN),"The National River Water Quality Network (NRWQN) is New Zealand's most comprehensive freshwater quality monitoring network.The NRWQN collects water samples monthly and analyzes and provides reliable scientific information on many important physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of a selection of the nation's river waters.","A range of physical and chemical variables are measured in the NRWQN, including total and dissolved forms of nitrogen and phosphorus.","National River Water Quality Network (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Mixed,"Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Monitoring
58,National Sewerage and Septage Management Program,"The Philippine National Sewerage and Septage Management Program (NSSMP) is created under the Clean Water Act of 2004. NSSMP aims to enhance the ability of local implementers to build and operate wastewater treatment systems for urban centers, and to promote the behavior change and supporting environment needed for systems to be effective and sustainable. The main strategy for NSSMP to achieve the objectives is to facilitate a bottom-up, demand-driven project development process by providing national government capacity building support, financial incentives, and sustained, effective promotion campaign.","The National Sewerage and Septage Management Program contributes to water quality improvement by developing sewerage and septage management projects which could remove nitrogen and phosphorus before discharging into waterways. By 2020, it is expected to divert about 346 million kilograms of BOD from the environment per year as a result of the sewerage and septage management projects.","National Sewerage and Septage Management Program (Philippines)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Philippines,Urban,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Public Awareness"
133,National Water Quality Management Strategy (NWQMS),"The National Water Quality Management Strategy (NWQMS) is a joint national approach to improving water quality in Australian and New Zealand waterways. It consists of three major elements: policy, process, and guidelines. Firstly, the main policy objective of the NWQMS is to achieve sustainable use of water resources by protecting and enhancing their quality, while maintaining economic and social development. Secondly, the NWQMS process involves development and implementation of a management plan for each catchment, aquifer, estuary, coastal water or other water body, by community and government. These plans focus on the reduction of pollution released into coastal pollution hotspots and other aquatic ecosystems around the country. And finally, NWQMS provides guidelines for groundwater protection, rural land uses and water quality, urban stormwater management, sewerage system, effluent management, water recycling, etc. Through the application of NWQMS, the Australian Government is working in collaboration with States and Territories to develop Water Quality Improvement Plans (WQIPs) to reduce pollution being released into aquatic ecosystems with high ecological, social and/or recreational values across the country.","The NWQMS aims to protect the nation's water resources by improving water quality while supporting the businesses, industry, environment and communities that depend on water for their continued development. The WQIPs help identify the most cost-effective and timely projects for investment in order to deliver significant reductions in the discharge of pollutants.","National Water Quality Management Strategy (NWQMS)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,Australia; New Zealand,Mixed,"Institutions & Capacity; Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Partnerships; Frameworks & Guidance; Monitoring
83,Nitrogen Credit Exchange (NCE) Program,"The Connecticut (United States) Nutrient Credit Exchange (NCE) program provides an alternative compliance mechanism for 79 of Connecticut's publicly owned treatment works (POTW) to meet the nitrogen discharge limits adopted in response to the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for nitrogen in Long Island Sound. The program allows the excess nitrogen removed to be sold in the form of a nitrogen credit to the exchange where other sources may purchase them at a cost lower than would be incurred by upgrading the facility at those sources. The NCE program is managed by the state Department of Environmental Protection, with the support from the Nitrogen Credit Advisory Board. The Nitrogen Credit Advisory sets the price of an equivalent nitrogen credit for each year. The state serves as a clearinghouse for purchases and sales. At the end of the year, the state Department of Environmental Protection calculates the amount of nitrogen discharged by each plant and whether the plant will be paid for excess credits or must purchase them. If there are more credits created than purchasers need, the State must buy them. Credits do not carry over from year to year.","Connecticut's NCE program rovides substantial flexibility to the regulated sewage treatment plants. It could minimize the management cost for nitrogen removal, and serve as the best way to meet water quality goals.","Nitrogen Credit Exchange (NCE) Program",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Wastewater,Market-Based Instruments,Regulatory Environmental Markets
69,Nitrogen Fertilizer Tax,"The Sweden Nitrogen Fertilizer Tax is levied on commercial fertilizer manufactured in Sweden or imported. The tax rate has remained stable since 1994 and is equivalent to approximately EUR 0.21/kg of nitrogen. All nitrogen fertilizer is subject to the same tax rate, and no tax exemptions apply.","The Sweden Nitrogen Fertilizer tax aims to reduce the use of fertilizers in agriculture, thereby reducing the adverse impact of agriculture on the environment. Tax revenues are used to fund other measures to control nitrogen losses from farms.","Sweden Nitrogen Fertilizer Tax",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe ,Sweden,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Taxes, Fees, Levies"
84,North Carolina Nutrient Offset Program,"North Carolina (United States) Nutrient Offset Programs in the Neuse and Tar-Pamlico basins along with the Falls and Jordan watersheds provide flexible options to meet nutrient reduction requirements for new development and redevelopment. The rules of these programs allow developers that cannot meet the nutrient requirements on their site to have the option of offsetting nutrient loading by making a payment to a Division of Water Resource (DWR)-approved third-party credit provider such as the Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) or a private nutrient offset bank. These payments ""buy down"" their nutrient loads to where they meet targets for nutrient export. When developers participate in the nutrient offset program, their payments are used to transfer the responsibility for offsetting increases in nutrient load from the developers to the EEP or other third party provider. Third party nutrient offset providers, in turn, report compliance with regulatory requirements in annual reports and as requested to DWR. Participation in the EEP Nutrient Offset Program is voluntary.",The payments from the Nutrient Offset Programs are used to fund implementation of nutrient-reducing projects in the same hydrologic area as where the impact occurred. The program allows for new growth while preventing new pollutant loads.,"North Carolina's Nutrient Offset Option (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Market-Based Instruments,Regulatory Environmental Markets
134,OVERSEER Nutrient Budgets,"OVERSEER Nutrient Budget tool in New Zealand is an agricultural management tool which assists farmers and their advisers to examine nutrient use and movements within a farm to optimize production and environmental outcomes. The computer model calculates and estimates the nutrient flows in a productive farming system and identifies risk for environmental impacts through nutrient loss, including run off and leaching, and greenhouse gas emissions.","The OVERSEER Nutrient Budget tool contributes to estimating nutrient budgets, pathways and transfers within the farm system and predicting changes to nutrients loads based on implementation of different management practices.","OVERSEER Nutrient Budgets",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Agriculture,"Environmental Outreach & Education; Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Technical Assistance; Evaluation
135,Ontario Nutrient Management Act 2002,"Ontario Nutrient Management Act came into force in 2002. Under this Act, the Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations establishing standards respecting the management of materials containing nutrients used by and on agricultural operations or used for other uses; specifying standards for the size, capacity and location of buildings or structures that are used to store materials containing nutrients or to house farm animals; requiring farmers and other persons to meet prescribed qualifications and to pass prescribed examinations in relation to the application of materials containing nutrients to lands, etc.",Ontario Nutrient Management Act aims to provide for the management of materials containing nutrients in ways that will enhance protection of the natural environment and provide a sustainable future for agricultural operations and rural development. ,"Ontario Nutrient Management Act 2002",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,Canada,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches; ,Environmental Standards; Regulatory Framework
57,Organic Agriculture Act of 2010,"The Philippine Organic Agriculture Act of 2010 states the national policy on the promotion, development and implementation of organic agriculture. Under section 24, the law states that incentives are provided to organic input producers and organic farmers, including cash reward, subsidies, and income tax exemption. Those incentives are available only to micro, small, and medium enterprises. The National Organic Agriculture Program (NOAP) has been established, which is directed by National Organic Agricultural Board (NOAB) and serves as the guide for the implementation of organic agriculture activities.","Organic agritulture encourages the use of organic fertilizer, which could enhance soil structure and nutrient retentive abilities, and greatly reduces the risk of groundwater pollution.","Organic Agriculture Act of 2010 (Philippines)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Philippines,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Tax Credits & Rebates"
71,Organic Entry Level Stewardship (OELS),"The UK's Organic Entry Level Stewardship (OELS) is one of the four elements of the Environmental Stewardship Program. It is open to all farmers who manage all or part of their land organically. OELS pays participating farmers £60 per ha, per year. In return, farmers must make a 5-year commitment to carry out certain environmental management options which they choose from a wide-ranging menu. Aid for converting conventionally farmed improved land and established top-fruit orchards to organic farming is also available through OELS at rates of £175 per hectare per year for the first two years of the OELS agreement on improved land. Specifically, the organic management option requires participating farmers to stop using synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and limit applications of animal manure nitrogen to an average of 170 kg/ha per year even outside Nitrate Vulnerable Zones, thus reducing the potential for nitrate leaching or the run off of nutrients or pathogenic organisms to watercourses.","The UK's Organic Entry Level Stewardship program awards payments to farmers who manage all or part of their land organically. The farmers will be paid for a flat rate payment of £60 per ha, per year for all of the OELS eligible land.","NE351:Organic Entry Level Stewardship: Environmental Stewardship Handbook, January 2013 (UK)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,United Kingdom,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
118,Payment For Conserving Farmland And Water,"The Payment For Conserving Farmland And Water was implemented in FY2007. It supports collaborative activities that contribute to the preservation and qualitative agricultural improvement of local resources, including agricultural land, rivers, irrigation channels, and farm drainage. It requires an agreement among rural community residents. ","The policy encourages rural communities to implement repair and renewal operations and lengthen the service lives of terminal irrigation canals and farm roads. Under the basic payments, paddy and upland fields receive 4,400 and 2,800 Japanese yen per 10 a., respectively.","Payment For Conserving Farmland And Water",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Institutions & Capacity,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Partnerships"
38,Payments for Ecosystem Services,"Payments for ecosystem services(PES) leverage private financing to pay landowners to implment measures to protect or restore ecosystem services. In France, Nestlé Waters financed farmers in the 6,000 hectares Vittel catchment through its intermediary Agrivair to transform farmers' intensive dairy farming system into extensive, hay-based dairy farming with no pesticides and chemicals. Free technical assistance is also provided for the creation of the annual individual farm plans and to facilitate the introduction into new social and professional networks. In addition, collaboration with the public institution National Institute for Agronomic Research (INRA) was essential to the scientific design and negotiation of this PES.","The PES program aims to provide a high level of water quality, specifically nitrate rates below 4.5mg/l in the aquifer.","Payments for Ecosystem Services (France)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,France,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education; Institutions & Capacity,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance; Partnerships"
85,Pennsylvania Nutrient Credit Trading Program,"Pennsylvania (United States) nutrient credit trading program provides a cost-effective means for point sources, particularly wastewater treatment plants, to purchase credits to meet their nitrogen and phosphorus discharge limits in their discharge permits for the compliance year. The trading is conducted through bilateral agreements between buyers and sellers and is facilitated by Pennsylvania Infrastructure Investment Authority (PENNVEST) where transactions occur through periodic credit auctions. Sellers may be other wastewater utilities or nonpoint sources, such as agricultural producers.",Pennsylvania's Nutrient Credit Trading Program provides a cost-effective option for wastewater treatment plants to meet their nutrient permit limits as well as allowing new and expanding wastewater sources options for offsetting new nutrient loads.,"PA: Nutrient Trading Program ",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,"Wastewater, Agriculture",Market-Based Instruments,Regulatory Environmental Markets
102,Phosphorus Fertilizer Bans,"Eleven states in the United States prohibit phosphorus fertilizer use or sale unless it is used where there is a lack of necessary phosphorus, establishing new turf or repairing turf. Exemptions are provided to agricultural lands and production, commercial or sod farms, gardening, and golf courses in many states. Other provisions of states' laws include: prohibition of the use of phosphorus fertilizer on impervious, frozen, or saturated surfaces; establishing setbacks for application near water bodies such as lakes or rivers; sales restrictions such as displaying phosphorus fertilizer separately and posting educational signs.",Phosphorus Fertilizer Bans helps to control the phosphorus level in the land and decrease the runoff.,"Phosphorus Fertilizer Bans (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Bans & Restrictions
20,Pilot Programs for Trading Emissions Permits,"Pilot Programs for Trading Emissions Permits in China provide trading platforms that allow industrial firms to buy and sell permits for pollutants. Key pollutants to be traded under the pilot programs include sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the air, and chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater. In August 2014, the State Council announced new guidelines which states that eleven pilot regions must establish mechanisms for the purchase and trading of emissions permits by 2017. The emission permits could be trasferred or sold through public auction.",The pilots aim to allow the market to play a decisive role in allocating emission permits. The revenues collected from the trading intend to be provided to local governments for financing pollution control.,"Pilot Programs for Trading Emissions Permits (China)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,China,Mixed,Market-Based Instruments,Regulatory Environmental Markets
60,Pollution Control Law,"The Phillippine Pollution Control Law provides guidelines for the control of water pollution from sewage and industrial sources. It requires all polluters to secure permits and set penalties for violations. It creats a National Pollution Control Commission under the Office of the President. The Commission may conduct scientific experiments, investigations and research to discover economical and practical methods of preventing water pollution.",The Law's guidelines will help to reduce pollution from wastewater and industry.,"Presidential Decree 984 (1976), Pollution Control Law (Philippines)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Philippines,Wastewater,Regulatory Approaches,Regulatory Framework; Environmental Caps & Limits
75,Program Open Space (POS),"Program Open Space (POS) is a nationally recognized program in the United States with two components: a local grant component often called Localside POS and a component that funds acquisition and recreation facility development by the State. The local component provides financial and technical assistance to local subdivisions for the planning, acquisition, and/or development of recreation land or open space areas.","The open space policy aims to create and maintain ""green infrastructure"" in urban settings, which reduces nutrient runoff.","Program Open Space (U.S.)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Ecosystem Restoration & Protection; Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Land Purchases; Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance "
55,Quota Management System (QMS) for Bluff Oyster,"The Bluff oyster fishery was added to the Quota Management System (QMS) in 1998. The QMS monitors stocks and catches, allowing the government to set Total Allowable Catch (TAC) limits (including customary and recreational catch allowances) for oysters. Under the QMS, rights to fish Bluff oysters can be traded.",Oysters provide a valuable ecosystem service by consuming algae and other waterborne nutrients. The Quota Management System directly controls harvest levels for Bluff oysters to ensure the sustainable utilization of the resources.,"Quota Management System (QMS) for Bluff Oyster (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Fisheries,Regulatory Approaches; Market-Based Instruments,Environmental Caps & Limits; Regulatory Environmental Markets
93,Resource Enhancement and Protection (REAP) Program,"The Resource Enhancement and Protection (REAP) Program in Pennsylvania (United States) allows farmers and businesses to earn state tax credits in exchange for implementing best management practices (BMP) on agricultural operations. Except for the applicants who work with sponsors, REAP applicants must cover all up-front costs of installation of the practice or purchase of eligible equipment. The state tax credits will be awarded after the project is complete. The State Conservation Commission approves eligible projects and the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue awards the tax credits. The amount of tax credit available to a recipient is dependent on the type of BMP implemented. Eligible applicants may receive either 50% or 75% of project costs as state tax credits for up to $150,000 per agricultural operation. State or federal cost-share portions of a project are ineligible for REAP tax credits. REAP tax credits can be used by the farmer for up to fifteen years. They are transferable, and can be sold to other taxpayers who wish to reduce their tax liability by purchasing tax credits.","Pennsylvania's REAP program provides farmers with necessary resources to reduce nutrient and sediment runoff from their farms.It Increases farm productivity and reduce costs, and generates significant private investment.","Resource Enhancement and Protection (REAP) Program",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,Tax Credits & Rebates
63,Revised Water Usage and Classification / Water Quality Criteria,"The Philippine Water Usage and Classification / Water Quality Criteria serves as a guideline for the water management. In section 69, it identifies the different parameters and criteria for water quality required for each type of classification, including the acceptable levels of nitrogen and phosporus for fresh waters (rivers, lakes, reservoirs, etc.).",The Criteria restrict nutrient pollution to protect the water sources.,"DENR Administrative Order No. 90-34, Revised Water Usage and Classification / Water Quality Criteria (Philippines)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Philippines,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
45,Rotorua Te Arawa Lakes Program,"The New Zealand's Rotorua Te Arawa Lakes Program aims to restore four priority lakes – Rotorua, Rotoiti, Ōkāreka and Rotoehu – and includes multiple measures to address sources of nutrients entering the lakes. It is a partnership with Rotorua District Council, Te Arawa Lakes Trust, and Bay of Plenty Regional Council. To implement the program, Central Government contributed $72 million, half the total cost of $144 million. The rest is being funded jointly by the Rotorua District Council and Bay of Plenty Regional Council.",The Rotorua Te Arawa Lakes Program will reduce the nitrogen load in lake Rotorua by an estimated 50 tonnes a year.,"Rotorua Te Arawa Lakes Program (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Mixed,Ecosystem Restoration & Protection,Ecosystem Restoration
65,Rural Environmental Protection Project,"The Rural Environmental Protection Project for Poland aims to significantly increase the prevalence of environmentally responsible practices among eligible farms in target areas. It helps to reduce discharge of organic matter, a major cause of environmental problems in the Baltic Sea. Project activities are directly linked to the implementation of the Baltic Sea Joint Comprehensive Environmental Action Program, and also supports Poland's move towards compliance with its national policies, European Union (EU) directives, and international agreements. The project has two main components. The first component involves farm environmental improvements and consists of specially-trained agri-environmental advisors who will work with eligible farmers to develop farm management plans. The first component also provides financial support for recommended farm investments. The second component supports public awareness programs, project monitoring and management, a replication strategy, and recurrent costs.","The Rural Environmental Protection Project helps reduce nutrient loads from agricultural sources to local soil and water bodies through installation of manure management systems, including construction of manure platforms, adequate manure storage facilities and training in optimum application of manure as fertilizers as well as implementation of environmentally friendly agricultural practices such as shrub and tree planting. The project also increases awareness of environmental issues among farmers.","Rural Environmental Protection Project (Poland)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Poland,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance; Public Awareness "
7,South Creek Bubble Licensing Scheme,"The Australian South Creek Bubble Licensing Scheme allows the three participating sewage treatment systems to adjust their individual discharges, provided the total pollutant load limit for the scheme is not exceeded. This scheme enables pollution to be reduced where the costs are lowest.","The load limits set under the Australian South Creek Bubble Licensing Scheme represent an 83% reduction in total phosphorus discharges and a 50% reduction in total nitrogen discharges by 2004 when compared to a ""business as usual"" scenario. Moreover, as a result of the bubble arrangement, the cost of achieving these large environmental improvements into the future has been reduced by $45 million.","South Creek Bubble Licensing Scheme (Australia)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,Oceania,Australia,Wastewater,Market-Based Instruments,Regulatory Environmental Markets
27,Standards for Irrigation Water Quality,"China's Standards for Irrigation Water Quality established standards for total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in irrigation water. ","The Standards for Irrigation Water Quality help to prevent pollution of soil, groundwater, and agricultural products.","Standards for Irrigation Water Quality (China) --In Chinese",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,China,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
96,Stormwater Fees and Utilities,"To address stormwater issues and comply with permits for stormwater discharge, several cities in the United states have created community-based stormwater utilities to collect user fees related to the control and treatment of stormwater. While in some instances these fees are charged as a flat rate, in other cases fees may tied to actual stormwater impact. For instance, in Philadelphia (Pennsylvania, United States.), homeowners can reduce their stormwater fees by implementing green infrastructure practices like green roofs, rain gardens, swales, etc.",The community-based stormwater utility helps coordinate compliance activities. The dedicated revenue can be used to fund municipal stormwater management programs. Fee adjustments for increased stormwater management on private property can also help incentivize green infrastructure practices that reduce stormwater runoff and filter nutrients.,"Stormwater Fees and Utilities(US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Urban,Price-Based Instruments,"Taxes, Fees, Levies"
132,Sustainable Agriculture Contract (CAD),"The Sustainable Agriculture Contract (Contrat d'Agriculture Durable or CAD in French) was created in 2003 by the French government. It aims to increase farmers' contribution to natural resources protection and rural development through conservation payments. The goals of the program are to reduce soil erosion and to preserve soil quality, water resources, biodiversity, and landscapes. CADs are between farmers and the government for a period of 5 years. The contracts have two components: an optional socio-economic component and an obligatory agro-environmental component. The socio-economic component provides funding for farmers who wish to transition to sustainable agriculture. Funding for this component is capped at 15,000 Euros per farmer. The agro-environmental component provides funding for additional costs and compensates for lost income resulting in the use of best practices for the environment.","The CAD program responds to regional problems and agro-environmental actions are adapted for each French area. In 2004, 234 million Euros have been paid and about 10,000 contracts have been signed. ","Sustainable Agriculture Contract (CAD)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,France,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Public Awareness"
51,Taupo Beef,New Zealand's Taupo Beef is a pilot program carried out by two farms in the Lake Taupo catchment to gauge whether diners will pay a premium for beef produced in compliance with New Zealand's most stringent environmental rules to protect water quality. The environmental standards that underpin the ecolabel were developed by Waikato Regional Council and became effective in 2011.,Taupo Beef represents farming systems that mitigate nutrient leaching and protect water quality.,"Taupo Beef (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Agriculture,Market-Based Instruments,Ecolabeling
9,The Accounting for Nutrients on Australian Dairy Farms project (A4N),"The Accounting for Nutrients on Australian Dairy Farms project (A4N) was a 4 year research and development initiative (2006-2010), which aimed to develop a national framework for nutrient accounting for N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg for the Australian dairy industry. It developed nutrient accounting technique to quantify nutrient inputs and outputs.","The Accounting for Nutrients on Australian Dairy Farms project (A4N) developed a framework for improving nutrient use efficiency, reducing nutrient imbalances in soils and decreasing nutrient losses from dairy farms to surface and ground water.","The Accounting for Nutrients on Australian Dairy Farms project (A4N)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,Australia,Agriculture,"Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Research
67,The Agricultural Pollution Control GEF Projects,"The Agricultural Pollution Control Projects in Romania and Moldova, supported by GEF grant funding, aim to significantly increase the use of environmentally friendly agricultural practices. In Romania, grant funding is used to provide incentives for the installation of improved manure storage facilities and equipment for manure collection and promotes the adoption of better agricultural practices to improve agricultural production while reducing nutrient discharge pollution for agriculture. In Moldova, funding is used to 1) provide grants to entrepreneurs and enterprises under the Rural Investment and Services Project (RISP) for investing in environmentally sustainable agricultural practices; and 2) train rural advisory service providers in several nutrient reduction practices, including crop nutrient management, conservation tillage practices, crop rotation, and tree planting of buffer strips. The projects are financed by Global Environmental Facility (GEF) through the World Bank.",The agricultural practices incentivised through these grants reduce nutrient discharge from agricultural sources in Romania and Moldova to the Danube River and Black Sea.,"The Agricultural Pollution Control Project (Romania, Moldova)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Romania; Moldova,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
12,The Baltic Sea Project,"The Baltic Sea Project set up a network of schools and other educational institutions to create and develop educational approaches and joint programs for envrionmental education. It started in 1989, and more than 200 schools from Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia and Sweden are part of the project.","The Baltic sea Project aims to increase the awareness of the students about the environmental problems in the Baltic Sea area and to give them an understanding of the scientific, social and cultural aspects of the interdependence between man and nature.","The Baltic Sea Environmental Education Project",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Denmark; Estonia; Finland; Germany; Latvia; Lithuania; Poland; Russia; Sweden,Mixed,Environmental Outreach & Education,Environmental Education
114,"The Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas","The Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas in Japan requires the State take necessary measures, such as securing the proper use of agricultural chemicals and fertilizers and improving soil fertility through effective use of livestock manure, to maintain and promote the natural cyclical function of agriculture (Article 32).","The Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas in Japan helps to reduce nutrient losses during agricultural production.","The Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches,Regulatory Framework
11,The Caspian Environment Program (CEP),"The Caspian Environment Programme (CEP) is a regional umbrella program developed for and by the five Caspian Littoral States aiming to halt the deterioration of environmental conditions of the Caspian Sea and to promote sustainable development in the area. The CEP is funded by the Caspian littoral governments; the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) through the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Bank; the European Union; and the growing participation of the private sector. It awards grants in the framework of the Matched Small Grants Programme (MSGP) and Micro Environmental Grants (MEG). The MSGP is aimed at advancing small-scale investment or pilot projects to address urgent environmental problems in the Caspian region which can be implemented quickly. Matched Small Grants are from USD $5,000 to $50,000. The total project budget ranges from USD $20,000 to USD $100,000 or more. The MEG is designed to raise public awareness, knowledge and understanding of the environmental problems facing the Caspian Sea. The MEG helps finance the small-scale projects with a real impact to address urgent environmental problems through awareness campaigns. The MEG awards from a minimum scale of USD $500 to maximum USD $3,000.","The Caspian Environmental Program provides incentives for participating countries to mitigate nutrient pollution, reduce threats to biodiversity, limit the unsustainable use of bio-resources, and raise public awarness of environmental problems of Caspian Sea.","The Caspian Environment Program (Caspian Littoral States)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Middle East; Asia,Azerbaijan; Iran; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Russia,Mixed ,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Public Awareness "
112,The Chesapeake Bay Monitoring Program,"The Chesapeake Bay Monitoring Program, which began in 1984, is a Bay-wide cooperative effort involving Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, the District of Columbia, several federal agencies, 10 institutions and over 30 scientists. Nitrogen, phosphorus and suspended sediment are monitored through a tidal and non-tidal network of monitoring stations.",The Chesapeake Bay Monitoring program detects changes and reveals trends that can provide vital information for evaluating the progress of management and restoration actions.,"The Chesapeake Bay Monitoring Program ",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,"Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Monitoring
79,The Chesapeake Bay Program,"The Chesapeake Bay Program is a unique regional partnership that has led and directed the restoration of the Chesapeake Bay since 1983. The Chesapeake Bay Program partners include the states of Maryland, Pennsylvania and Virginia; the District of Columbia; the Chesapeake Bay Commission, a tri-state legislative body; the Environmental Protection Agency, representing the federal government; and participating citizen advisory groups. Each Bay Program partner uses its own resources to implement Bay restoration and protection activities. Partners work together through the Bay Program's goal teams, workgroups and committees to collaborate, share information and set goals.","The Chesapeake Bay Program's partnership model shows that a cooperative approach is an effective way to achieve environmental results. It has become a regional, national, and international leader in ecosystem science, modeling, and restoration partnerships.","The Chesapeake Bay Program (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Institutions & Capacity,Bridging Institutions
39,The Chilika Lake Ecosystem Health Report Card,"The Chilika Lake Ecosystem Health Report Card focuses on understanding the bio-geochemical process and fluxes of nutrients in Chilika Lake and estimating the overall water quality, biodiversity, and fisheries status of the lake along with the coastal water quality in the adjacent Bay of Bengal.",The Ecosystem Health Report Card approach helps understand the role of lake basin and freshwater nutrient input and associated nutrient fluxes to Chilika Lake. It also determines the transport of nutrient from the major/minor rivers into the lake.,"Ecosystem Health Report Card (India)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,India,Mixed,"Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Evaluation
110,The Clean Water Act (CWA),"The Clean Water Act (CWA) in the United States establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and regulating quality standards for surface waters. Under the CWA, the Environmental Protection Agency has implemented pollution control programs such as setting wastewater standards for industry and setting water quality standards for all contaminants in surface waters. In addition, The CWA made it unlawful to discharge any pollutant from a point source into navigable waters, unless a permit was obtained.","The Clean Water Act aims to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of U.S. waters by preventing point and nonpoint pollution, providing assistance to publicly owned treatment works for the improvement of wastewater treatment, and maintaining the integrity of wetlands.","Clean Water Act (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Regulatory Framework
34,The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP),"The European Union's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is a common policy for all the Member states of the European Union. It is managed and funded at European level from the resources of the EU annual budget. The CAP provides income support for farmers who fulfil environmental standards and comply with sustainable agricultural practices. Between 2014 and 2020, over EUR 100 billion will be invested to help farming meet the challenges of soil and water quality, biodiversity, and climate change. The CAP also helps farmers to improve their technical skills and use eco-friendly farming techniques.","The Common Agricultural Policy in the European Union can help to reduce the pollution of waters by nitrates, through agri-environment measures which support for investments and training in storage of manure, and establishment of buffer strips along water courses which helps reduce the run-off and leaching of nitrates to surface and ground waters.","EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe ,EU member countries,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance"
8,The Dairy Produce Levy,"The rate for the Dairy Produce Levy as of October 1, 2013 is 2.9263 cents per kilogram of milk fat and 7.1299 cents per kilogram of protein on its producers. Revenues generated are invested in several activities of the industry organization, including projects to improve on-farm nutrient management.",The levy investment in on-farm nutrient management is expected to help 60% of Australian dairy farmers demonstrate industry nutrient management good practice by 2018.,"The Dairy Produce Levy (Australia)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,Australia,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments,"Taxes, Fees, Levies"
29,The Danube Black Sea Task Force (DABLAS),The DABLAS Black SeaTask Force provides a platform for cooperation to ensure the protection of water and water-related ecosystems in the Danube and the Black Sea. Its mandate is to identify available funding sources for priority projects and develop regional eutrophication strategies with the International Commission for Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR) and Black Sea Commission to address eutrophication issues.,"The DABLAS Black SeaTask Force develops financing mechanisms for the implementation of investment projects for pollution reduction and the rehabilitation of ecosystems in the wider Black Sea region. Under the leadership of the DABLAS TASK Force, the first project prioritized water sector investment projects addressing nutrient reduction.","The Danube Black Sea Task Force (DABLAS)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Germany; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Romania; Moldova; Ukraine,Mixed,Institutions & Capacity,Bridging Institutions
68,The Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve,"In 1998, 6264 square kilometres of the Danube Delta were protected as part of the UNESCO Man and Biosphere program. The establishment of this protected area allows Romanian and Ukrainian governments work together to protect Europe's largest water purification system.",The protection of Danube Delta could help preserve this critical ecosystem for capturing and cycling nutrients.,"The Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (Romania, Ukraine)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Romania; Ukraine,Mixed,Ecosystem Restoration & Protection; Institutions and Capacity,Protected Areas; Partnerships
35,The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD),"The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) provides a framework for the protection of groundwater, inland surface waters, transitional waters (e.g. estuaries), and coastal waters. The directive provides national and local authorities with a legislative basis for the maintenance and recovery of water quality to achieve good ecological and chemical status for all surface waters and good chemical status for groundwater by 2015.","The Water Framework Directive in the European Union is intended to improve the ecological status of all European surface waters, including eutrophication status.","EU Water Framework Directive (WFD)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,EU member countries,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Regulatory Framework
131,The Federal Nitrates Program,"Since 1999 the Swiss government has supported special projects to reduce nitrate levels in ground water under Article 62a of the Water Protection Act. The Swiss government makes 60 million francs available each year to support practices that help reduce nitrate levels in sensitive areas. In addition, in order to increase awareness of the options and the advantages of such nitrates projects amongst those farms that are directly affected as well as the general public, the three government ministries - BLW (agriculture), BUWAL (environment, forests and countryside) and BAG (health) - have launched an information campaign: ""Action N - Fewer Nitrates in Water.""",The Federal Nitrates Program in Switzerland helps to reduce the nitrate level in ground water.,"The Federal Nitrates Program",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Switzerland,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Public Awareness"
15,The HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP), The Baltic Sea Action Plan (HELCOM BSAP) defines maximum allowable nutrient loads that will provide achievement of the eutrophication targets for the whole Baltic Sea and each of its sub-basins. The required reductions in nutrient loads were estimated based on the maximum allowable nutrient loads and average nutrient load levels from 1997 to 2003. The BSAP also includes direct measures to address nutrient pollution.,"Since inception of the Baltic Sea Action Plan in 2007, the inputs of nutrients to the sea have been reduced by 9% for nitrogen and 10% for phosphorous compared to the BSAP baseline years (1997-2003). In the longer time perspective, since 1994, the reductions have been even larger: inputs of N and P to the sea have decreased by 18% and 16%, respectively.","The HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Denmark; Estonia; Finland; Germany; Latvia; Lithuania; Poland; Russia; Sweden,Mixed,Institutions & Capacity,Frameworks & Guidance
19,The Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs (IPE),"The Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs (IPE) was established in May 2006 in Beijing. Since then, the IPE has developed water and air pollution databases to monitor corporate environmental performance and to promote public participation in environmental governance.","The Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs (IPE) aims to expand environmental information disclosure to allow communities to fully understand the hazards and risks in the surrounding environment, thus promoting widespread public participation in environmental governance.","The Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs (China)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,China,Mixed,Institutions & Capacity,Transparency & Accountability
117,The Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS) for organic agricultural product,"The Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS) sets the standard for organic labeling in Japan. To be certified as organic, farmers must follow JAS standards including the use of composts and non-use of prohibited agricultural chemicals and fertilizers for no less than two years before sowing or planting. The JAS also forbids the use of prohibited agricultural chemicals and fertilizers for production periods. Only producers certified by registered certifying bodies accredited by Japan's Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries are able to label products as organic and attach the Organic JAS mark to the products.",The JAS organic label provide incentives to farmers (in the form of higher prices for their products) to enhance soil structure and reduce nutrient loads from agricultural sources to local soil and water bodies.,"The Japanese Agricultural Standard",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Agriculture,Market-Based Instruments,Ecolabeling
36,The Nitrate Directive,"The Nitrate Directive in the European Union aims to protect water quality across Europe by preventing nitrates from agricultural sources polluting ground and surface waters and by promoting the use of good farming practices. Implementation measures are: 1)Identification of water polluted, or at risk of pollution. 2) Designating ""Nitrate Vulnerable Zones""(NVZs). 3) Establishment of Codes of Good Agricultural Practice to be implemented by farmers on a voluntary basis. 4) Establishment of action programs to be implemented by farmers within NVZs on a compulsory basis. 5) National monitoring and reporting. Member countries are responsible for implementing the directive through country-level policies.","The Nitrate Directive in the European Union reduces nitrate concentrations, improves water quality, and increases farmers' awareness of environmental protection.","The European Union (EU) Nitrate Directive",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,EU member countries,Agriculture,Regulatory Approaches,Regulatory Framework
66,The Romania Integrated Nutrient Pollution Control Project,"The Romania Integrated Nutrient Pollution Control Project aims to support the Government of Romania to meet the EU Nitrates Directive requirements by reducing nutrient discharges to water bodies, promoting behavioral change at the communal level, and strengthening institutional and regulatory capacity. It is a World Bank sponsored project.","","The Romania Integrated Nutrient Pollution Control Project",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Romania,Mixed,Price-Based Instruments; Institutions & Capacity,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Frameworks & Guidance"
121,The Rural Development Program,"Japan's Rural Development Program was introduced in 2007. It encourages community initiatives aimed at conserving the quality of common resources such as land and water, as well as improving the environment with a view to sustainable rural development. It has two tiers: the first tier supports community activities in which local farmers and non-farmers work together to conserve the quality of rural resources. The second supports environmentally friendly farming activities that reduce the application of chemical fertilizer and pesticide by more than half compared to conventional farming practice in the region. This program provides payments, trainings, and soil analysis to communities and farmers who participate. A fixed payment of JPY 100,000 is made to eligible communities.","By mid-2007, 17,065 community organizations participated in the program and the payments covered approximately a quarter of total farmland (1.1 million ha of land). Among these communities, 2,039 groups of farmers, cultivating 44,000 ha of land, joined the second tier program, which compensates for the additional cost of implementing environmentally friendly farming practices.","The Rural Development Program",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Agriculture,Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance; Public Awareness "
46,The Sustainable Dairying: Water Accord (SDWA),"New Zealand's Sustainable Dairying: Water Accord (SDWA) is an agreement between industry body DairyNZ, Dairy Companies Association of New Zealand, New Zealand dairy companies, regionalcouncils and government agencies. It includes commitments to targeted riparian planting plans, effluent management, comprehensive standards for new dairy farms and measures to improve the efficiency of water and nutrient use on farms. As to the nutrient management, farms are required to supply their dairy company with information that will allow for the modelling of Nitrogen loss and Nitrogen conversion efficiency. Companies will report comparative performance back to farmers to drive continuous improvement in nutrient management.","The stock exclusion, effluent management and stock
crossing commitments made under this Water Accord will contribute to reducing nutrient loss to waterways.","The Sustainable Dairying: Water Accord (New Zealand)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Oceania,New Zealand,Agriculture,Ecosystem Restoration & Protection,Stewardship Agreements
44,The Trilateral Cooperation on the Protection of the Wadden Sea,"Since 1978, the Netherlands, Germany and Denmark have cooperated to protect the Wadden Sea as an ecological entity. The Trilateral Wadden Sea Cooperation monitors and assesses the quality of the Wadden Sea ecosystem in collaboration with national and regional authorities and scientific institutions as a basis for effective protection and management. It also engages the public in the protection of the Wadden Sea through awareness-raising activities and environmental education.", The Trilateral Wadden Sea Cooperation aims to maintain the natural ecosystem of Wadden Sea and gain public support for the protection.,"The Trilateral Cooperation on the Protection of the Wadden Sea",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Netherlands; Germany; Denmark ,Mixed,Ecosystem Restoration & Protection; Institutions and Capacity; Environmental Outreach & Education,Protected Areas; Partnerships; Public Awareness
21,The World Bank's CN-Second Guangdong Pearl River Delta Urban Environment Project,"The World Bank provided low-interest loans of $96 million to the People's Republic of China to help finance the Second Guangdong Pearl River Delta Urban Environment Project (2007-2013). The project helps reduce water pollution in the Pearl River system in Guangdong province through wastewater treatment, industrial pollution control, water quality monitoring, etc.","These loans have directly increased wastewater treatment capacity, thereby increasing the amount of sewage that can be treated. By the end of this project, the Zhen'an Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in Foshan will be expanded to increase its wastewater collection and treatment from 50% to 88%. In Jiangmen, pollution reduction works have been completed with the Wenchengsha WWTP and the associated network of sewers and pumping stations.","The World Bank's CN-Second Guangdong Pearl River Delta Urban Environment Project (China)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,China,Mixed,Price-Based Instruments,Low-Interest Loans
106,Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL),"Under provisions of the US Clean Water Act, the Environmental Protection Agency or state designated authorities must develop a total maximum daily load (TMDL) for waterbodies that are designated as impaired for nutrients. The TMDL sets a watershed cap and identifies the nutrient sources and reductions required from each source to comply with the TMDL. Once a TMDL has been established, the state must develop and implement a watershed implmentation plan that outlines activities that will be undertaken to meet the TMDL allocations.","The TMDL creates a framework for help to identify the nutrient sources and identify the necessary reductions needed to achieve water quality standards. Several TMDLs for phosphorus, nitrogen and related parameters currently exist. Once a TMDL is established, states and regional authorities must then implement policies and strategies for meeting target load reductions in the affected sectors.","Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Caps & Limits
16,Total Phosphorus Management (TPM) Project,"The Total Phosphorus Management (TPM) Project in Canada is a water quality trading program that was developed and implemented by the South Nation Conservation (SNC). It allows dischargers to release phosphorus into the waterways so long as they offset the increased phosphorus load by helping to control phosphorus from non-point sources (such as agricultural run-off). This program consists of agreements between SNC and the dischargers, which requires that the dischargers pay SNC a specified amount of money in exchange for credits for phosphorus released. The money received by SNC through the TPM agreements is allocated to farmers to pay for BMPs.","The Canadian Total Phosphorus Management program has successfully reduced phosphorus loading in the South Nation River System, has established an economically feasible method of meeting provincial phosphorus water quality objectives (reduced the cost of removing phosphorous by $800 per kg), and has created a strong relationship between all users and stakeholders of the watershed.","Total Phosphorus Management (TPM) Project (Canada)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,Canada,Mixed,Market-Based Instruments,Regulatory Environmental Markets
111,Upper Mississippi River Basin Protection Act,The Upper Mississippi River Basin Protection Act aims to establish a monitoring network and computer modelling program to identify nutrient and sediment sources in the Upper Mississippi River Basin.,The Upper Mississippi River Basin Protection Act requires information disclosure regarding nutrient and sediment levels in the Upper Mississippi River and its tributaries.,"Upper Mississippi River Basin Protection Act (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,"Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Biophysical Modeling
37,Urban Waste Water Directive (UWWT),"The Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWT) in the European Union requires Member States to provide all agglomerations of more than 2,000 population equivalents (p.e.) with wastewater collection systems. Secondary treatment (i.e., biological treatment) must be provided for all agglomerations of more than 2,000 p.e. discharging into fresh waters, while more advanced treatment (tertiary treatment) is required for discharges into sensitive areas.",Secondary (biological) treatment uses aerobic or anaerobic micro-organisms to decompose most of the organic matter and retain some of the nutrients (around 20-30%). Tertiary (advanced) treatment removes the organic matter even more efficiently. It generally includes phosphorus retention and in some cases nitrogen removal.,"EU Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive ",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,EU member countries,Wastewater,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
43,Vehicle Emission Standards,"Vehicle Emission Standards for NOx require that cars sold in the countries meet approved car emission standards by reducing the levels of nitrogen dioxides emissions from motor vehicles. Currently, 18 regions around the world have developed and implemented seperate regulations to limit the emissions from light-duty vehicles (LDVs) and heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs). With some exceptions, notably the countries of North America and Japan, most countries follow the European precedent for emission standards, with modified timelines according to local conditions. Some countries also follow the United States' precedent (i.e. Canada). Japan currently uses a regulatory framework that differs from that of either the United States or the European Union, which is the more stringent in terms of NOx limits for light-duty vehicles. For heavy-duty vehicles, the California Air Resources Board adopted an optional low-NOx standard for on-road heavy-duty engines in December 2013. It set optional NOx limits at 0.1 g/hp-hr, 0.05 g/hp-hr and 0.02 hp-hr which are significantlly lower than current US federal NOx limit (0.2 hp-hr) as well as the other regions in the world.",The NOx Exhaust Emission Standards for Vehicles help reduce nitrogen oxides that vehicles emit and are then deposited to water bodies through atmospheric deposition.,"Emission Standards for Vehicles",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,South America; North America; Asia; Oceania; Europe,Argentina; Australia; Brazil; Canada; Chile; China; EU member countries; India; Japan; Mexico; Peru; Russia; South Korea; Switzerland; Thailand; United States; Vietnam ,Urban,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Standards
86,Virginia Chesapeake Bay Watershed Nutrient Credit Exchange Program,The Chesapeake Bay Watershed Nutrient Credit Exchange Program in Virginia (United States) was created in 2006. It provides Virginia's point and nonpoint sources in the Bay watershed with the opportunity to meet required nutrient reductions through trading. It also allows point sources to purchase nutrient reductions from nonpoint sources to offset new or increased nutrient discharges in excess of established load caps.,"Virginia's Chesapeake Bay Watershed Nutrient Credit Exchange Program requires a certain level of BMP implementation to achieve nutrient reductions. It provides a flexible, cost-effective option for meeting effluent limits and offseting new pollutant loads.","Chesapeake Bay Watershed Nutrient Credit Exchange Program (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Mixed,Market-Based Instruments,Regulatory Environmental Markets
72,Virginia Oyster Heritage Program (VOHP),"In 1999, the Virginia (United States) initiated the Virginia Oyster Heritage Program (VOHP) which invests significant coordinative effort and over $1.5 million to help protect and restore Virginia's native oyster populations. This public-private partnership leveraged additional funds and led to the construction of more than 80 sanctuary reefs and 1000 acres of harvest area in Virginia's coastal waters.",Oysters filter nutrients from the water. Restoring oyster reefs can help improve nutrient cycling in the water.,"Virginia Oyster Heritage Program (US)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Fisheries,Ecosystem Restoration & Protection; Institutions and Capacity,Ecosystem Restoration; Partnerships
59,Wastewater Charge System and Discharge Permits (NSSMP),"The Wastewater Charge System was introduced under the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004. the Wastewater Charge System imposes fees on all wastewater discharges. Fees are directed to the National Water Quality Fund which in turn provides financial support for local governments to implement sewerage programs. In addition, all owners or operators of facilities that discharge wastewater are required to get a permit to discharge. The permit specifies the quantity and quality of effluent that facilities are allowed to discharge into a particular water body.",The Philippines' Water Charge System is a market-based instrument which provides strong economic inducement for polluters to modify their production or management processes or to invest in pollution control technology in order to reduce the amount of water pollutants generated. It could also cover the costs of administering water quality mangement or improvement programs.,"Wastewater Charge System (Philippines)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Philippines,Wastewater,Price-Based Instruments; Regulatory Approaches,"Taxes, Fees, Levies; Environmental Caps & Limits"
61,Wastewater Discharge Permit,"Under the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004, Discharge Permits require owners/operators of facilities that discharge regulated water pollutants into Philippine waters and/or land to get legal authorization from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). The permit specifies the quantity and quality of effluents that the permittee is allowed to discharge. The permit is valid for a maximum period of five (5) years from the date of its issuance, renewable for 5 years. Pollution sources currently discharging to existing sewerage systems with operational wastewater treatment facilities are exempt from the permit requirement. Effluent trading may be allowed per management area.",The Discharge Permit limits the amount of pollutant that can be released into the water bodies.,"Wastewater Discharge Permits (Philippines)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Philippines,Wastewater,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Caps & Limits
31,Wastewater Tax,"Wastewater taxes apply to various entities that discharge wastewater, based on either pollutant levles or compliance. The Danish wastewater tax applies to sewage treatment plants, industry, and dwellings not connected to sewer. It is based on units of nitrogen, phosphorus and biological oxygen demand (BOD) discharged in wastewater. In the Netherlands, the wastewater tax is imposed on all direct and indirect discharges to surface waters. The tax base is the specific pollutants discharged, including nitrogen, and organic material. The German wastewater tax affects only point sources, such as industries and municipal sewage outlets. It is a penalty tax (for non-compliance with standards). The tax is reduced when standards for sewage discharges are adhered to.","In Demark, the discharges from sewage treatment plants have declined by 20-25% from 1996 to 1998 due to the implementation of wastewater tax which serves to put a price on pollution, incentivizing sewage treatment plants to reduce discharges. In The Netherlands, the revenues from the wastewater taxes have been recycled both for support of municipal sewage treatment plants and to support in-house pollution abatement in industry. In Germany, the wastewater tax helps reduce industrial wastewater. It also improves compliance with the standards linked to the tax. The tax revenue is recycled for support in investments in municipal sewage treatment plants.","Wastewater tax in Denmark, Netherlands and Germany",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe ,Denmark; Netherlands; Germany,Wastewater,Price-Based Instruments,"Taxes, Fees, Levies"
28,Water Fees,"Under the Croatian Water Management Financing Act, there are various water-related fees including water contribution, water regulation fee, water use fee, water protection fee. The water fees are public levies. They are major sources of funds for financing water management. All water charges are collected by the water agency-Croatian Waters.","Water fees go towards financing water management. Specifically, the water protection fee is used for financing construction of major public sewage facilities and for monitoring and protecting water quality.","Water Fees (Croatia)",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Europe,Croatia,Mixed,Price-Based Instruments,"Taxes, Fees, Levies"
24,Water Pollutant Discharge Permit System,"Under the 2008 Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law (P.R.C), the Water Pollutant Discharge Permit System is established at the local government level. Entities directly or indirectly discharging industrial and medical waste and entities operating facilities to treat urban sewage are required to obtain pollution discharge permits. All entities are prohibited from discharging wastewater and sewage without the pollutant discharge permit or in violation of the terms of the permit. The local government above the county level shall each issue pollutant discharge permits or provisional pollutant discharge permits if polluting enterprises exceed the indexes of approved total discharge quantity.",The Water Pollutant Discharge Permit System has caused some entities to reduce their nutrient discharges. It also lays important groundwork for future water pollution trading schemes.,"Water Pollutant Discharge Permit System (China)--In Chinese",2018-10-10 19:00:01 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,China,Wastewater,Regulatory Approaches,Environmental Caps & Limits
123,Water Pollution Control Law,"The purposes of the Water Pollution Control Law in Japan are to prevent the pollution of water (including form of deterioration of the condition of water other than the deterioration of water quality; the same hereinafter) in the Public Water Areas by regulating effluent discharged by factories or establishments into the Public Water Areas, thereby to protect human health and to preserve the living environment and to protect sufferers by setting forth stipulations regarding the responsibilities of the proprietors of factories or establishments to compensate the damage in cases where human health is damaged by polluted water or wastewater discharged from factories or establishments.","The Water Pollution Control Law in Japan requires national and local governments to take pollution control measures for discharges from industrial facilities, which helps to improve water quality.","Water Pollution Control Law",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,Japan ,Urban,Regulatory Approaches,Regulatory Framework; Environmental Standards; Environmental Caps & Limits
124,Water Quality and Ecosystem Conservation Act,"Korea's Water Quality and Ecosystem Conservation Act aims to prevent people’s health and environment from being exposed to harm and danger caused by water pollution and to properly manage and preserve water quality and aquatic ecosystems of the public waters, including rivers, lakes and marshes. Under this Act, each Mayor/Do governor may install a monitoring net to regularly measure the level of water pollution in order to ascertain the actual state of water pollution and aquatic ecosystems or conduct research on the current status of water quality and aquatic ecosystems in the respective jurisdictional areas.",This Act helps prevent the public from accidental water pollution and contributes to water conservation and water resources protection.,"Water Quality and Ecosystem Conservation Act",2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,Asia,South Korea,Mixed,"Regulatory Approaches; Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation",Environmental Standards; Monitoring; Research
4,Water for the Future Initiative,"Water for the Future is the Australian Government's long-term initiative to better balance the water needs of communities, farmers and the environment. It contains a suite of urban and rural policies and programs, including significant funding for water purchasing, irrigation modernisation, desalination, recycling, and stormwater capture.","Through the Water for the Future initiative, the Australian Government is preparing for taking action on climate change, encouraging the wise use of water, helping cities and towns secure water supplies,improving the health of rivers and wetlands.","Water for the Future Initiative (Australia)",2018-10-10 19:00:00 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:03 UTC,Oceania,Australia,Mixed,Institutions & Capacity; Price-Based Instruments,"Institutional Capacity; Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments"
74,Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP)/Wetland Reserve Easements,"The Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) in the United States was a voluntary program that provided incentives to landowners to protect, restore, and enhance wetlands on their property. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) provided technical and financial support to help landowners with their wetland restoration efforts. The Agricultural Act of 2014 repeals WRP and establishes the Agricultural Conservation Easement Program, which includes a Wetlands Reserve Easements component. The Wetlands Reserve Easement component will provide similar incentives to landowners that restore, protect and enhance wetlands.",The Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) offered long-time conservation for the wetlands to achieve the greatest wetland functions and values.,"Wetlands Reserve Program (U.S.)",2018-10-10 19:00:02 UTC,2018-10-10 19:00:04 UTC,North America,United States,Agriculture,Ecosystem Restoration & Protection; Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education,"Covenants & Easements; Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance"