Indiana Lake and River Enhancement Program (LARE)

      Category:  Price-Based Instruments; Environmental Outreach & Education
      Policy Type:  Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments; Technical Assistance
      Sector:  Mixed
      Region:  North America
      Country:  United States
      Description: The Indiana Lake and River Enhancement (LARE) program in the United States provides technical and financial supports to qualifying projects that aim to reduce nonpoint sediment and nutrient pollution of surface waters to a level that meets or surpasses state water quality standards.
      Outcome:  The LARE program offers incentives to install or apply sediment and nutrient reducing practices on the land.

      Reference:  Indiana DNR: Lake & River Enhancement Program

      Japan Sewage Works Agency's Joint Research for New Technology

      Category:  Environmental Outreach & Education; Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation
      Policy Type:  Technical Assistance; Research
      Sector:  Wastewater
      Region:  Asia
      Country:  Japan
      Description: Japan's Sewage Works Agency started a new system in 2012 for prompt and smooth introduction of new technologies to sewage works. The new system helps accelerate practical application of new technologies, encourages adopting unique technology from private companies, and provides technical support after new technologies are introduced to local wastewater treatment plants.
      Outcome:  The joint research with private companies, universities, and research institutes aims to promote improved sewage treatment technologies.

      Reference:  Japan Sewage Works Agency's Joint Research for New Technology

      Johkasou Installation Promotion Program

      Category:  Price-Based Instruments
      Policy Type:  Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments
      Sector:  Urban
      Region:  Asia
      Country:  Japan
      Description: In Japan, the Ministry of the Environment (MOE) established the Johkasou Installation Promotion Program to provide subsidies for citizens that install Johkasou systems. Johkasou systems are household wastewater treatment technology that treats household sewage and wastewater onsite before discharging. The subsidy covers 40 percent of the total installation costs.
      Outcome:  The promotion program encourages installation of Johkasou systems which treat household wastewater and sewage, reducing nutrient pollution from human waste, food, and certain soaps and detergents.

      Reference:  Johkasou Installation Promotion Program (Japan)

      Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe Basin Management Program

      Category:  Institutions & Capacity; Price-Based Instruments
      Policy Type:  Partnerships; Subsidies, Grants & Incentive Payments
      Sector:  Agriculture
      Region:  Europe
      Country:  Estonia; Russia
      Description: The Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe Basin Management Program addresses nutrient pollution by working to improve wastewater treatment facilities by the lake and create 'buffer' zones where industrial activities cannot be conducted by the shore. Under this program, Estonian and Russian national institutions and different organisations united their efforts for the better management of the jointly utilised Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe. The program received financial support from the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
      Outcome:  The Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe Basin Management Program helps reduce nutrient load and eutrophication.

      Reference:  Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe Basin Management Program (Estonia, Russia)

      Lake Taupo Nutrient Trading Program

      Category:  Market-Based Instruments
      Policy Type:  Regulatory Environmental Markets
      Sector:  Agriculture
      Region:  Oceania
      Country:  New Zealand
      Description: In New Zealand's Lake Taupo, a Nitrogen Discharge Allowance (NDA) is a fixed amount expressed as tonnes of nitrogen per year (tN/yr). Farmers are subjected to a NDA and can alter how they farm as long as their nitrogen export does not exceed their NDA. If a farmer wants to increase production, they must purchase NDAs from another farmer who wants to decrease production. Once a trade has been agreed to between two farmers, each of their consents is adjusted to increase or decrease their NDA.
      Outcome:  The NDA and nutrient trading system are expected to reduce the nitrogen load into Lake Taupo by 20%.

      Reference:  Nitrogen Discharge Allowances (NDA) and Nutrient Trading